Policy optimisation, reward modelling and RLHF — how models are trained by feedback rather than by labels.
arXiv:2603. 12109v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Reinforcement learning (RL) has become a de facto paradigm for building LLM-based agents that act, interact, and reason over extended task horizons.
arXiv:2606. 00083v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Reinforcement learning relies on accurate reward functions, which are often hand-crafted or even unavailable in real-world applications, such as robotics.
arXiv:2512. 10414v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recently, reinforcement learning (RL) has become a common choice in enhancing the reasoning capabilities of vision-language models (VLMs).
arXiv:2506. 16114v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generative recommendations (GR), which usually include item tokenizers and generative Large Language Models (LLMs), have demonstrated remarkable success across a wide range of scenarios.
arXiv:2510. 10541v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Current benchmarks are inadequate for evaluating progress in reinforcement learning (RL) for large language models (LLMs).
arXiv:2510. 03259v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent research on reasoning models explores the meta-awareness of language models, including their ability to determine optimal thinking duration, recognize knowledge boundaries, and structure concept-level thinking.
arXiv:2512. 18333v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: This paper proposes a new Reinforcement Learning (RL) based control architecture for quadrotors.
arXiv:2606. 01478v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: High-quality, large-scale synthetic data from simulations is becoming a cornerstone for pushing the capabilities of robot algorithms.
arXiv:2508. 03556v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Process Reward Model (PRM) is widely used in the post-training of Large Language Model (LLM) because it can perform fine-grained evaluation of the reasoning steps of generated content.
arXiv:2606. 00702v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose to turn generalist multi-embodiment value functions into reusable models for robot design.
arXiv:2602. 17737v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Mutual adaptation is a central challenge in human-AI teaming, as humans naturally adjust their strategies in response to an AI agent's behavior.
arXiv:2606. 00252v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Manipulating suspended payloads with humanoid robots is challenging because the robot can only influence an underactuated, oscillatory load through whole-body motion and intermittent contact.
arXiv:2606. 00726v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Strong reasoning depends not only on model knowledge but also on how effectively cognitive behaviors are deployed during generation.
arXiv:2605. 30190v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Diffusion-based planning has achieved strong results in single-agent offline reinforcement learning, yet scaling to many-agent systems remains intractable due to the curse of dimensionality in the joint trajectory space.
arXiv:2605. 21125v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Group Relative Policy Optimization (GRPO), a prominent algorithm within the Reinforcement Learning from Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) framework, has achieved strong results in improving the reasoning capabilities of large language models (LLMs).
arXiv:2604. 08149v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We consider a linear contextual bandit model where contexts and rewards are governed by a finite hidden Markov chain.
arXiv:2603. 00963v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: While reinforcement learning (RL) has been central to the recent success of large language models (LLMs), RL optimization is notoriously unstable, especially when compared to supervised fine-tuning (SFT).
arXiv:2602. 05139v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We study bandits whose rewards depend on an unobserved Markov state that evolves independently of the learner's actions.
arXiv:2602. 06033v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Pre-trained vision language models do not have good intuitions about the physical world.
arXiv:2505. 15354v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Time series forecasting models often produce systematic, predictable errors even in critical domains such as energy, finance, and healthcare.