Large language models

Model releases, architecture work and prompting research on large language models — from frontier-lab announcements to the arXiv papers behind them.

23,195 stories · RSS feed

arXiv AI
Jul 10

What LLM Forecasters Know but Don't Say: Probing Internal Representations for Calibration and Faithfulness

arXiv:2607. 08046v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models fine-tuned for forecasting can be accurate yet poorly calibrated, and their chain-of-thought (CoT) reasoning may not faithfully reflect the evidence behind a forecast.

By Rapha\"el Sarfati, Pratyush Ranjan Tiwari, Siddharth Boppana, Christopher J. Earls, Srikar Varadaraj, Eric Ho
arXiv AI
Jul 10

When Synthetic Speech Is All You Have: Better Call GRPO

arXiv:2607. 08409v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: LLM-based ASR adapted to regulated domains such as banking is bottlenecked by privacy: real speech is costly and legally constrained to collect, making synthetic text-to-speech (TTS) an attractive substitute.

By Shashi Kumar, Yanis Labrak, Hasindri Watawana, Sergio Burdisso, Esa\'u Villatoro-Tello, Kadri Hacio\u{g}lu, Petr Motlicek, Andreas Stolcke
arXiv AI
Jul 10

LEXIC: Lightweight Eye-tracking eXtension via Injected Complexity

arXiv:2607. 08152v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On the recent EyeBench benchmark, predicting reading comprehension from eye movements exposes a stark gap: text-aware models using pretrained language models reach 56--63% AUROC, while gaze-only models operate at chance.

By Sumin Lee, Kyeonghun Kim, Subeen Lee, Jiwon Yang, Tien Nguyen, Ken Ying-Kai Liao, Nam-Joon Kim
arXiv AI
Jul 10

A safety-oriented hypothetico-deductive framework for AI-assisted differential diagnosis

arXiv:2607. 08038v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diagnostic error is a major threat to patient safety, yet current large language model (LLM) systems often treat diagnosis as a one-shot prediction task, lacking safeguards against missed high-risk alternatives or rigorous verification of their reasoning.

By Fan Ma, Mauro Giuffr\`e, Donald Wright, Kent McCann, Mark Iscoe, Lingfei Qian, Mingyang Jiang, Chi Wing Ng, Na Hong, Huan He, Cathy Shyr, Qingyu Chen, Lee Schwamm, Lucila Ohno-Machado, Hua Xu
arXiv AI
Jul 10

How Do I Know What to Say Next? Barenholtz's Autogenerative Theory as an Enrichment of Harrisean Integrationism

arXiv:2607. 07891v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Roy Harris's Integrationist linguistics offers a compelling critique of the referentialist tradition embedded deep at the heart of computational approaches to language, arguing that language is not a code that maps onto a pre-given world but a situated, bipartite activity oriented toward prospective joint action.

By J. Mark Bishop, Stephen J. Cowley
arXiv AI
Jul 10

Jet-Long: Efficient Long-Context Extension with Dynamic Bifocal RoPE

arXiv:2607. 07740v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Modern LLMs are increasingly deployed in long-context applications such as retrieval-augmented generation, repository-level coding, and agentic workflows whose accumulated reasoning and tool traces routinely push the input an order of magnitude past the pretraining window, making zero-shot context extension the dominant deployment path for open-weight checkpoints.

By Haozhan Tang, Zerui Wang, Yuxian Gu, Song Han, Han Cai