The paper argues that language operates with two parameters: amplitude, which measures how often words co‑occur, and phase, a signed relational factor that determines how co‑activated meanings combine and can reverse a meaning’s contribution. Unlike amplitude, phase is not captured by standard word embeddings or transformer attention weights and is indexed to individuals and dyadic interactions. The authors propose six empirical predictions to test phase’s role and suggest that future language models should incorporate agent‑indexed, phase‑bearing semantic states.
The study probes Gemma‑2‑9B‑IT with Sparse Autoencoders across English, Hebrew, and Russian to examine how multilingual LLMs handle informal register. By using a dataset of polysemous terms that appear in literal and informal contexts, the authors isolate pragmatic register processing from lexical cues. They discover a small, robust cross‑linguistic core that forms an informal register subspace, which becomes clearer in deeper layers and can causally shift output formality across all tested languages, even transferring zero‑shot to six unseen languages.
By Uri Z. Kialy, Avi Shtarkberg, Ayal Klein
arXiv:2406. 05335v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Generation of text and speech in natural languages can be modeled as a stochastic process.
By Kai Nakaishi, Yoshihiko Nishikawa, Koji Hukushima
arXiv:2606. 24172v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: More than a billion people communicate in Indic languages, yet the natural language processing infrastructure serving them remains fragmented and underdeveloped.
By Ritwik Banerjee, Lav R. Varshney
arXiv:2607. 18961v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) generate fluent text by incrementally predicting the next token from a prefix.
By Remo Pareschi
arXiv:2607. 25620v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Quattrociocchi and colleagues warn that the fluent outputs of large language models may allow linguistic plausibility to substitute for epistemic evaluation, producing the condition they call *Epistemia*: the experience of possessing knowledge without undertaking the practices through which judgment would ordinarily be warranted.
By Federico Cabitza, Gianluca Colombo