Large language models

Model releases, architecture work and prompting research on large language models — from frontier-lab announcements to the arXiv papers behind them.

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arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 5

Sensitivity, Causality, and Repair Dissociate: A Layer-Wise Analysis of Perturbation Robustness and Its Scaling

arXiv:2608. 03842v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: When a language model fails on surface-perturbed input (typos, OCR noise, homophones), "which layer is responsible" has three natural operationalizations: where representations diverge most (sensitivity), where restoring clean activations recovers the prediction (causality), and where a small adapter can repair the damage (compensatory capacity) - and we show these three layer maps dissociate.

By Nathan Labiosa, David Buff, Ena Nayak, Erica Donno
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 5

When RL Meets Adaptive Speculative Training: A Unified Training-Serving System

arXiv:2602. 06932v5 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Speculative decoding can significantly accelerate LLM serving, yet most deployments today disentangle speculator training from serving, treating speculator training as a standalone offline modeling problem.

By Junxiong Wang, Fengxiang Bie, Jisen Li, Zhongzhu Zhou, Zelei Shao, Yubo Wang, Yinghui Liu, Qingyang Wu, Avner May, Sri Yanamandra, Ce Zhang, Tri Dao, Percy Liang, Ben Athiwaratkun, Shuaiwen Leon Song, Chenfeng Xu, Xiaoxia Wu
arXiv AI
Aug 5

CARE-X: Towards Clinically Useful Radiology VLMs with Auxiliary Supervision, Reward-Aligned Learning, and Tool-Augmented Measurement

arXiv:2608. 03890v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A clinically useful chest X-ray system must go beyond fluent report generation: it should classify findings with tunable decision thresholds, localize them spatially, and derive the anatomical measurements upon which many diagnoses depend.

By Mercy Prasanna Ranjit, Anirban Porya, Sathvik Joel, Niharika Vadlamudi, Nikhilesh Chowdary Eathamukkala, Prasanth V V, Abhyuday Kumara Swamy, Pranay Narhari Umredkar, Pradeep Narayan, Vivek Rajagopal, Tanuja Ganu
arXiv AI
Aug 5

CastFSR: A Fast--Slow--Reflect Agentic Reasoning Framework for Context-Aware Time Series Forecasting

arXiv:2608. 03031v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Time series forecasting is fundamental to decision-making in complex systems, where future dynamics are influenced not only by historical observations but also by evolving contextual features.

By Xiaoyu Tao, Mingyue Cheng, Bokai Pan, Chuang Jiang, Huanjian Zhang, Tian Gao, Yaguo Liu, Qi Liu, Enhong Chen
arXiv AI
Aug 5

AgentPanel: Toward a New Paradigm for Human--AI Collaboration in Exploring Scientific Questions

arXiv:2608. 03283v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Identifying promising scientific ideas remains an important challenge in research practice.

By Zhiyao Cui, Qianyi Wang, Haoyang Yan, Yiqun Zhang, Siyue Ren, Hangfan Zhang, Zelin Tan, Hao Li, Chunjiang Mu, Dexian Cai, Shao Zhang, Chen Zhang, Meng Li, Jianan Chai, Yuting Fan, Zichao Ye, Xiaolei Yang, Xinyao Lu, Yuyang Yu, Wenjie Lou, Xiaosong Wang, Fenghua Ling, Shiyang Feng, Mao Su, Qiaosheng Zhang, Bo Zhang, Yang Chen, Lei Bai, Shuyue Hu