arXiv AI
TS-MAMP: A Remanufactured Agricultural Robot with Second-Life EV Components and NMS-Free On-Device Weed Detection
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arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 21
Optimizing YOLO27, YOLO26, YOLO11, and YOLOv8 for Fine-Grained Small-Object Detection and Segmentation in Complex Orchard Environments
The paper compares Ultralytics YOLO27, YOLO26, YOLO11, and YOLOv8 for detecting and segmenting small fruit parts in orchard settings. It evaluates five model scales across 30 experiments, finding that YOLO11s-960 and YOLO26s-960 achieve the best mask and box mAP scores while maintaining efficient parameter counts. The study also highlights the difficulty of peduncle detection and provides publicly available code and models for reproducibility.
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 18
Selective Cotton Boll Localization for Robotic Harvesting: Evaluation of Deep Learning Vision Models Under Field Conditions
The paper presents a deep‑learning perception framework for selective robotic cotton harvesting, evaluated on 1,008 field images captured under diverse lighting and weather conditions. Detection models from YOLOv8 to YOLOv13 were benchmarked, with GELAN‑s achieving the best trade‑off between accuracy and speed. For segmentation, YOLOv12‑m‑seg outperformed other models, and a detection‑prompted segmentation approach using GELAN‑s bounding boxes further improved localization for SAM variants. Field trials with a UR5e robot and ZED2i camera confirmed YOLOv12‑m‑seg’s real‑time performance for cotton boll detection, segmentation, and selective picking.
arXiv Computer Vision
Aug 26
Cross-Generation Optimization of YOLOv26, YOLOv11, and YOLOv8 for Fine-Grained Small-Object Detection and Instance Segmentation in Complex Orchards
arXiv:2608.23636v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Small-object detection and instance segmentation remain challenging in orchard environments because of green-on-green similarity, occlusion, and limite...
arXiv AI
Sep 10
Simulating the Marginal Green Contribution of AI Modules in a Smart-Agriculture Platform: Evidence from Two Monte Carlo Experiments
The paper evaluates the green benefits of individual AI modules within a smart‑agriculture platform through two Monte Carlo simulations. In Experiment 1, AI diagnosis significantly increases the likelihood of reducing pesticide and fertilizer use compared to traditional extension services, with up to a 49 % probability of a 20 % pesticide reduction when accuracy and adoption are high. Experiment 2 shows that adding AI irrigation scheduling to IoT‑based engineering yields a 5 percentage‑point increase in median water savings and a 30.5 % reduction in paddy methane emissions, while farmer adoption remains the key limiting factor for achieving green targets.
arXiv AI
Aug 24
WeedNet: A Foundation Model-Based Global-to-Local AI Approach for Real-Time Weed Species Identification and Classification
arXiv:2505.18930v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Early weed identification is crucial for effective management and control, and researchers, agronomists, and technology developers are increa...
arXiv Computer Vision
Aug 27
Fusing Perceptual Vision Experts with Multimodal Large Language Models for Explainable Plant Disease Diagnosis: From Benchmark Imagery to Real-World Robotic Field Validation
The paper introduces the Hybrid Hierarchical Multi-Agent Framework (H$^{2}$MAF), which fuses decision-level outputs from EfficientNet-B3 and ConvNeXt-Tiny with semantic arbitration by multimodal large language models Gemma 4 E4B and Qwen3.5 4B to produce explainable plant disease diagnoses. Evaluated on 14,364 images from PlantDoc and two Cornell robotic field datasets, the framework achieves up to 99.3% accuracy, with Gemma improving PlantDoc accuracy from 63.9% to 68.5% and demonstrating low critical‑risk error. The results highlight the potential of MLLM arbitration for reliable, explainable agricultural AI under real‑world field conditions.