arXiv AI July 31, 2026 By Esila Keskin

The Fast Lane Hypothesis: Von Economo Neurons Implement a Biological Speed-Accuracy Tradeoff

arXiv:2604. 09229v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: von Economo neurons (VENs) are large bipolar projection neurons found exclusively in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) and frontal insula of species with complex social cognition, including humans, great apes, cetaceans, and elephants.

Machine-generated by The Flow from the publisher's headline and feed description — not written or checked by a human. The full article lives at arXiv AI.

benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Sep 2

Pre-carved Niches: The Formation Dynamics of Modular Task Partitions in Early LLM Training

arXiv:2609.01170v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models exhibit a modular internal organization that mirrors well-studied functional networks of the human brain, but how this organizati...

By Guangqi Li, Yongxin Li

llms

arXiv AI

Aug 21

The Thousand Brains Theory 2.0: An Extension for the Long-Range Connections of the Neocortical Heterarchy

arXiv:2507. 05888v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Vernon Mountcastle hypothesized that the basis for intelligence in mammals is the replication of a general computational unit, the cortical column.

By Jeff Hawkins (Thousand Brains Project), Niels Leadholm (Thousand Brains Project), Viviane Clay (Thousand Brains Project)

arXiv Machine Learning

Aug 17

Untrained CNNs Match Backpropagation at V1: A Systematic RSA Comparison of Four Learning Rules Against Human fMRI

arXiv:2604. 16875v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: CORRECTION (August 2026): an evaluation-mode defect affected the predictive-coding and STDP conditions of this study; those results should not be used pending re-computation.

By Nils Leutenegger

safety

arXiv Machine Learning

Aug 31

Attention as Conditioning: What Classical Learning Theory Predicts About Linear Transformers

arXiv:2508. 08289v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Attention is widely understood as an associative memory, but that description alone does not predict how the memory will behave.

By Mu Qiao

llms

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 15

Constructed Reality, Contested Priors: Decoupling and the Architecture of Cognitive Relapse Under the Free Energy Principle

arXiv:2607. 11958v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Under the free energy principle, a predictive system does not observe reality directly; it maintains a generative model of the world and experiences that model's best current hypothesis.

By MD Ibrahim Hossain Ridoy

diffusion

arXiv AI

Aug 11

ZenBrain: A Neuroscience-Inspired 7-Layer Memory Architecture for Autonomous AI Systems

arXiv:2604. 23878v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: ZenBrain is a seven-layer, neuroscience-derived memory architecture for LLM agents that unifies fifteen mechanisms - from Two-Factor synaptic consolidation to a Simulation-Selection sleep loop - under a single MemoryCoordinator: nine foundational algorithms plus six Predictive Memory Architecture components.

By Alexander Bering

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Pre-carved Niches: The Formation Dynamics of Modular Task Partitions in Early LLM Training

The Thousand Brains Theory 2.0: An Extension for the Long-Range Connections of the Neocortical Heterarchy

Untrained CNNs Match Backpropagation at V1: A Systematic RSA Comparison of Four Learning Rules Against Human fMRI

Attention as Conditioning: What Classical Learning Theory Predicts About Linear Transformers

Constructed Reality, Contested Priors: Decoupling and the Architecture of Cognitive Relapse Under the Free Energy Principle

ZenBrain: A Neuroscience-Inspired 7-Layer Memory Architecture for Autonomous AI Systems