We propose a novel framework for computing rigorous bounds on the probability that a large language model (LLM) generates harmful output to a given prompt. We study a new application of the Clopper-Pearson confidence intervals to obtain probably approximately correct (PAC) bounds for this problem.
arXiv:2604. 22167v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Language models are increasingly capable and are being rapidly deployed on a population-level scale.
By Rico Angell, Raghav Singhal, Zachary Horvitz, Zhou Yu, Rajesh Ranganath, Kathleen McKeown, He He
arXiv:2608. 15798v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Language models are compared by their held-out per-token cross-entropy risk---the quantity scaling laws are fitted to.
By Hanti Lin
arXiv:2607. 19367v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Calibration is the primary criterion for evaluating LLM confidence, but it is insufficient: it admits trivially incoherent estimators, depends on the evaluation distribution, and does not test the extent to which the estimation can be interpreted as a consistent, underlying probability function.
By Krish Matta, Atharv Naphade, Andy Zou
arXiv:2608. 10621v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Recent research on Large Language Model (LLM) safety has widely adopted guardrails to identify unsafe LLM outputs.
By Xinzhe Huang, Biwu Yao, Kedong Xiu, Mengnan Zhao, Di Wang, Puning Zhao, Tianhang Zheng
arXiv:2607. 08961v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models increasingly provide labels, evaluations, and feedback for tasks specified in natural language.
By Berkay Anahtarci