arXiv AI By Qinglei Qi, Zhihe Liang, Fengzhan Jing, Shenao Zhu, Lei Zhang, Chenyang Zhang, Shuqing He, Jia Guo

Selective Amortization of Full-Budget Counterfactual Reasoning for Visual Token Communication

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The paper introduces ACV-Gate, an adaptive framework for generative image communication that selectively evaluates candidate semantic tokens to reduce encoder computation while maintaining reconstruction quality. ACV-Gate uses a set-aware student model trained on terminal advantages and regrets to rank tokens, and a selective refinement mechanism that limits exact evaluations to a bounded candidate set, controlled by cost-based thresholds. Experiments on CIFAR-10, STL-10, and 384×384 images show that ACV-Gate improves PSNR by up to 0.636 dB at 0.20 bpp and reduces candidate evaluations to about 27.6% of the exact-full method.

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