The paper examines the common practice of aggregating multiple labels per instance into a single ‘true’ label for supervised learning. By creating a theoretical model, the authors show that using the full, non‑aggregated label information can make it easier to train well‑calibrated models, though the benefits depend on the specific problem. They predict when non‑aggregated labels will improve learning and validate these predictions on real datasets.
By Chen Cheng, Hilal Asi, John Duchi
arXiv:2606. 05927v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The complex imbalanced label distribution poses a crucial challenge to multi-label classification, as most classifiers are biased towards the majority class and high-frequent labels.
By Bin Liu, Jun Wu, Haoyu Peng, Ao Zhou, Jin Wang, QiaoSong Chen, Grigorios Tsoumakas
arXiv:2607. 24943v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: In many classification problems, reliable instance-level labels are unavailable.
By Rapha\"el Bonnet-Guerrini, Johann Ioannou-Nikolaides, Troels Petersen, Vincenzo Piuri
arXiv:2510.16211v2 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Label noise is a common problem in real-world datasets, affecting both model training and validation. Clean data are essential for achieving strong...
By Henrique Pickler, Jorge K. S. Kamassury, Danilo Silva
arXiv:2607. 18088v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Standard evaluation of many recognition systems contains distribution shift by construction, since benchmarks place disjoint conditions in the training and test splits.
By Weijia Han, Lisha Qu
arXiv:2509. 05130v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In classification problems, models are trained to predict a class label based on the input data features.
By Davide Pirovano, Federico Milanesio, Michele Caselle, Piero Fariselli, Matteo Osella