arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 14

Bridging Vision Foundation Model Priors with CLIP for Spatial-aware Few-shot Anomaly Detection in Medical Images

The paper introduces Spatial‑FAD, a few‑shot medical anomaly detection framework that fuses Vision‑Language Model (CLIP) semantics with spatial priors from Vision Foundation Models (DINO). A VFM‑enhanced adapter injects structural affinity into CLIP features, while a sliding‑window aggregation produces high‑resolution embeddings for finer lesion localization. Prototype‑enhanced support memory further improves efficiency and performance, yielding significant gains on Liver CT, Retinal OCT, and Brain MRI datasets, notably an 11.4% Dice improvement in 4‑shot scenarios.

By Juzheng Miao, Yuchen Yuan, Cheng Chen, Pheng-Ann Heng
arXiv Computer Vision
Aug 26

Example-based Robust Abnormality Detection with Minimal Annotations using Exemplar Med-DETR

arXiv:2608.24281v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reducing annotation requirements remains a key challenge in developing robust medical object detectors. To address this, Vision-Language (VL) object de...

By Sheethal Bhat, Bogdan Georgescu, Awais Mansoor, Mathias Zinnen, Pranjal Sahu, Florin C. Ghesu, Sasa Grbic, Andreas Maier
arXiv Computer Vision
Sep 4

Exemplar: Classical Priors Complement Frozen Features for Few-Shot Microscopy Segmentation at Native Resolution

Exemplar is a few‑shot segmentation method that combines a frozen DINOv3 backbone with a fixed bank of classical native‑resolution filter responses in a single lightweight head. Trained only from support masks, it achieves a mean foreground intersection‑over‑union of 0.782 across eleven biomedical imaging datasets, outperforming either component alone and surpassing five other few‑shot methods in 54 of 55 comparisons. With a single annotated mask, Exemplar reaches 0.703, higher than a from‑scratch nnU‑Net trained on the same mask, and while nnU‑Net eventually overtakes it with eight masks, it requires 16–77× longer to fit.

By Michal Pr\r{u}\v{s}ek, Adam Novoz\'amsk\'y, Filip \v{S}roubek