arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 22

CCTU: A Benchmark for Tool Use under Complex Constraints

CCTU is a new benchmark designed to evaluate large language models (LLMs) on their ability to use tools under complex constraints. It includes 200 test cases that average seven constraint types and 4,700‑token prompts, covering resource, behavior, toolset, and response dimensions. An executable validation module performs step‑level checks, and nine state‑of‑the‑art LLMs were tested, revealing that none exceed a 20% task completion rate when strict constraints are enforced, with frequent violations and limited self‑refinement.

By Junjie Ye, Guoqiang Zhang, Wenjie Fu, Zelin Li, Tao Gui, Qi Zhang, Xuanjing Huang
arXiv AI
3d ago

Multi-step SWE: Can Coding Agents Keep Building on Their Own Code Over Long Horizons?

The paper introduces Multi-step SWE, a benchmark consisting of 69 software engineering tasks that require a coding agent to perform 5–15 sequential, multi-hour engineering requests on a single codebase. Each step builds on the code produced in the previous step, making early design decisions and errors propagate throughout the chain. The benchmark covers four engineering work families, nine programming languages, and includes both from-scratch builds and existing open-source projects, with each step verified against a source of truth. Across nine state‑of‑the‑art models, the best achieves only an 18.5% solve rate, and 38 tasks remain unsolved by any model.

By Xiangkai Zeng, Zheng Liu, Zihao Lin
arXiv AI
Sep 10

Many-Tier Instruction Hierarchy in LLM Agents

The paper introduces Many-Tier Instruction Hierarchy (ManyIH), a new framework for resolving conflicts among instructions with arbitrarily many privilege levels in large language model agents. It presents ManyIH-Bench, a benchmark featuring 853 agentic tasks that require navigating up to 12 levels of conflicting instructions across 46 real-world agents. Experiments show current models achieve only about 40% accuracy when instruction conflict scales, highlighting a gap in fine-grained, scalable conflict resolution.

By Jingyu Zhang, Tianjian Li, William Jurayj, Hongyuan Zhan, Benjamin Van Durme, Daniel Khashabi