arXiv Machine Learning By Marcel Mordarski, Benjamin Gras, Abdelrahman Shehata, Daniel Budina, Roberto Bondesan

Learnt Attacks on Quantum Key Distribution under Channel Noise and Device Drift

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The paper studies how an eavesdropper can adaptively attack quantum key distribution (QKD) systems when channel noise and device drift vary over time. By modeling the attack as a constrained Markov decision process and using reinforcement learning to jointly search gate structures and rotation angles, the authors construct compact attack circuits that perform near the theoretical upper bound for both device‑independent E91 and BB84 protocols under realistic noise models. The results show that adaptive attacks can significantly increase the eavesdropper’s information compared to fixed‑circuit strategies, and that the learned attacks recover known optimal cloners and key‑rate bounds.

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