arXiv Computation and Language
Sep 28

Feeding BabyLMs Macaroni: Code-Switching Curricula Cause Cross-Lingual Convergence

The paper investigates whether training small decoder-only transformers on code‑switched text can induce cross‑lingual alignment. Using two 100‑million‑word multilingual corpora—one a mix of English, Dutch, and Chinese BabyBabelLM data, and another generated by inserting word‑ and sentence‑level code‑switching via an LLM—the authors find that code‑switched training aligns representations of parallel text, especially across different scripts, and that this alignment persists when later training on monolingual documents. A curriculum that progresses from word‑level code‑switching to sentence‑level code‑switching and finally to monolingual data yields models that outperform baselines on the BabyLM evaluation suite, demonstrating that code‑switching curriculum learning is an effective data augmentation strategy for multilingual pretraining.

By Dries Rooryck, Alex Cai, Yonatan Belinkov, David Alvarez-Melis, Kiant\'e Brantley
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 22

How to Use Parallel Data for Multilingual Pretraining

The paper explores how to leverage parallel corpora for multilingual pretraining by concatenating each document with its translation in the same training sequence, a method called Parallel Pretraining (PPT). Compared to standard pretraining (SPT), PPT alone does not consistently improve language understanding, but it builds a stronger cross‑lingual foundation. A two‑stage approach—first PPT to establish cross‑lingual knowledge, then SPT to fine‑tune for standard language modeling—consistently outperforms standard pretraining in both high‑resource and low‑resource settings.

By Zhihong Huang, Yao Lu, Derek F. Wong, Hamid Alinejad-Rokny, Min Yang