arXiv:2608. 19306v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Given a set of input states, we consider the task of predicting the expectation value of a Pauli observable at the output of an unknown quantum evolution, using only a limited number of measurements.
By Jonas J\"ager, Yaroslav Khmelnitskiy, Paolo Braccia, Artur Miroszewski, Diego Garc\'ia-Mart\'in, M. Cerezo, Piotr Czarnik
arXiv:2605. 14672v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Estimating an $N \times N$ quantum kernel from circuit fidelities requires $\Theta(N^2 S)$ measurement shots, the dominant bottleneck for deployment on near-term hardware.
By Jian Xu, Chao Li, Delu Zeng, John Paisley, Qibin Zhao
arXiv:2608. 11396v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Extracting quantum information from a quantum state is a fundamental task of quantum computation, often requiring the estimation of many non-commuting observables under a finite measurement budget.
By Jun Dai, Olivier Nahman-L\'{e}vesque, Guillaume Rabusseau, Hong-Ye Hu, Cunlu Zhou
arXiv:2607. 23044v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Quantum devices are open systems whose dynamics interleave coherent evolution with dissipation, and benchmarking, error mitigation, and error correction all rest on a faithful model of both.
By Taiqi Zhou, Weiyuan Gong
The paper demonstrates that quantum transformer blocks can be intrinsically interpretable by tracking quantum mutual information, entanglement entropy, and state fidelity across layers. Experiments on four synthetic tasks show that learned mutual information aligns with task structure, entanglement is essential for accuracy, and mutual information predicts prediction correctness. These findings are validated on IBM Quantum hardware, illustrating that quantum computation’s physics can provide observable interpretability signals.
By Diego Iacopetta, Andrea Gasparini
Extracting quantum information from a quantum state is a fundamental task of quantum computation, often requiring the estimation of many non-commuting observables under a finite measurement budget. For both near-term and early fault-tolerant settings, the measurement protocol must balance statistical efficiency against implementation resources such as circuit depth, connectivity, and entangling-gate count.