arXiv AI By Xu Zheng, Wei Cheng, Zhuomin Chen, Dongkuan Xu, Mo Sha, Jingchao Ni, Dongsheng Luo

First-Order LoRA Training with Phone NPUs

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The paper introduces a system that enables first‑order LoRA training on phone NPUs by running all frozen‑weight multiplications on the NPU while keeping adapters and the optimizer on the CPU. It reuses weight tiles for input‑gradient computation, selects precision based on gradient sensitivity, and fuses remaining CPU operations to overlap with NPU execution. The approach is evaluated on Qualcomm Snapdragon devices with Qwen and Llama LLMs, demonstrating background training for nightly personalization and benchmark workloads.

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