DKL: Decoupled Knowledge Learning for Instruction-Tuned Language Models
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The paper introduces DKL, a method for adding new knowledge to instruction‑tuned language models without compromising their instruction‑following abilities. DKL performs extended pre‑training on a base LLM to embed knowledge, then merges these weights into the instruction‑tuned model, avoiding costly instruction fine‑tuning. Experiments show DKL raises RAG accuracy from 54.17% to 79.26% on retrieval failure cases while using far less training data than previous approaches.
arXiv:2601. 22146v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Due to limited supervised training data, large language models (LLMs) are typically pre-trained via a self-supervised "predict the next word" objective on a vast amount of unstructured text data.
arXiv:2607. 06974v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) increasingly improve their reasoning at test time via additional computation, yet most existing works treat each problem in isolation.
arXiv:2606. 09316v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) enables agents to access external knowledge at inference time, but it primarily retrieves fragmented declarative evidence, leaving agents to repeatedly infer task procedures from passages, manuals, examples, logs, or trajectories.
LuxIT is a monolingual instruction‑tuning dataset for Luxembourgish, created by synthesizing instruction‑answer pairs from native texts using the DeepSeek‑R1‑0528 model and a quality‑assurance LLM‑as‑judge process. The resulting 227,507 high‑quality pairs were used to fine‑tune 14 LLMs (≤15 B parameters), yielding an average accuracy increase of +5.37 percentage points on standardized Luxembourgish proficiency exams and improvements in macro‑averaged F1 on nine of the fourteen downstream NLP tasks. These findings demonstrate that synthetic monolingual data can effectively enhance LLM performance in low‑resource languages and reveal the complex relationship between exam performance and practical NLP gains.
Large language models (LLMs) increasingly improve their reasoning at test time via additional computation, yet most existing works treat each problem in isolation. When problems arrive sequentially, accumulating reusable experience across them can further improve performance.