Degrees of Freedom in Multi-Agent Coordination: Between Centralized and Decentralized Regimes

The paper introduces Degrees of Freedom (DoF), a continuous framework that measures how much decision-making is delegated to agents in large language model–based multi‑agent systems. By varying DoF, the authors explore a spectrum between fully centralized and fully decentralized coordination, finding that intermediate settings often outperform both extremes across several task domains. The study shows that task characteristics and retained experience influence how coordination granularity affects performance, offering empirical guidance for designing hybrid coordination regimes.

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• llms
• agents