arXiv Machine Learning By Jordi Cerd\`a-Bautista, Vasileios Sitokonstantinou, Jos\'e Manuel Veiga L\'opez-Pe\~na, Duccio Piovani, Jos\'e Mar\'ia T\'arraga, Gustau Camps-Valls

Credit Access is Associated with Improved Food Security in the Horn of Africa

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arXiv AI
Sep 15

Transfer Learning for Socioeconomic Estimation in Forced-Displacement Settings

The paper presents a transfer‑learning approach that adapts a multimodal spatiotemporal vision transformer, originally trained on Demographic and Health Survey data, to estimate socioeconomic conditions in forced‑displacement settings. Using satellite‑derived geospatial covariates, the adapted model explains up to 66% of variation in socioeconomic outcomes in camp‑intersecting grids and 41% in non‑camp areas, achieving mean absolute errors of 4.37 and 5.41 index points respectively. This framework supplements periodic household surveys by providing regularly updated, spatially granular socioeconomic estimates that bridge data gaps between survey rounds.

By Steven Ndung'u, Adel Daoud, Ismael Yacoubou Djima, Hai-Anh H. Dang, Patrick Michael Brock
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 28

District-Level Food Environment Indicators and Social Vulnerability in S\~ao Paulo

This study examined whether food retail and street‑market indicators differentiate social vulnerability levels across 76 districts of São Paulo. Using machine‑learning classifiers on district‑level data, the authors found that densities of healthy and unhealthy food establishments explained about 60 % of feature importance, with XGBoost achieving the highest mean F‑score (0.75). The results suggest that publicly available food‑environment data are linked to district‑level social vulnerability, though limitations such as small sample size and cross‑sectional design restrict causal inference.

By Pedro Lemes Sixel Lobo, Eric Tokuda, Kuruvilla Joseph Abraham, Roberto Fray, Dirce Maria Marchioni, Alexandre Cl\'audio Botazzo Delbem, Rogerio Salvini