arXiv Computer Vision By Dongfang Zhao

CertEx: Exact Visual Retrieval at Scale by Certified Exclusion

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CertEx introduces a GPU‑based exact k‑nearest‑neighbor search that relies on certified exclusion, a technique that conservatively eliminates vectors using low‑precision bounds before computing exact distances. By storing a half‑precision lower‑bounding projection and embedding a rounding certificate into the tensor‑core dot product, CertEx only evaluates distances for a small subset of candidates, guaranteeing exact results. Experiments on sixteen datasets with up to 100 million vectors show that CertEx achieves 7.1× to 18.0× the throughput of the fastest cuVS search on an H100 and outperforms quantized and graph indexes when exactness is required.

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