arXiv:2609.37819v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Electronic invoices are replacing paper invoices worldwide, but today's centralized architectures leave three problems unsolved on the consumption si...
By Jia Cai
arXiv:2608. 14074v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: AI agents increasingly act on external systems through standardized tool-calling protocols such as the Model Context Protocol (MCP), yet no infrastructure layer constrains their actions to what a principal has verifiably authorized: authorization logic lives in application code, is neither signed nor independently auditable, and the resulting logs lack evidentiary value.
By Giovanni Racioppi
arXiv:2607. 19436v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Agentic commerce protocols such as AP2 and ACP define mechanisms for secure agent-initiated transactions but do not provide interoperable, tamper-evident auditability or verifiable temporal ordering of events across heterogeneous domains.
By Rajat Srivastava
The paper presents a formal analysis of four agent payment protocols—x402, MPP, ACP, and AP2—using the Tamarin prover. By modeling each protocol’s roles, state, and trust assumptions, the authors verify 86 cases, reproducing 46 known results and uncovering 40 new formal-consistency findings. They further validate ten findings through implementation proofs of concept, SDK/schema witnesses, and executable traces, highlighting the importance of consistent delegated authorization across all protocol stages.
By Ke Jiang, Mohan Yu, Yuan Chang, Mohit Kumar Jangid, Jianyu Niu, Cong Wang, Yinqian Zhang
arXiv:2608. 02986v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: A software agent on a public blockchain accumulates authority and economic stakes, raising the engineering question of what makes it count as an individual.
By Keisuke Suzuki
The paper introduces Issuer‑Sovereign Agentic Payments, a framework that keeps the issuing bank in control of AI‑agent payments. It allows a cardholder to set a spending rule once, which the bank’s authentication system records. When an AI agent initiates a payment, the bank verifies the merchant against the approved rule and generates the card authentication value only if the merchant is permitted, enabling the transaction to proceed through standard card rails without additional dependencies.
By Dishant Sharma, Rajneesh Kaushal, Ashu Kanaujia