arXiv:2605.07785v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Concept Bottleneck Models (CBMs) in medical imaging aim to improve model interpretability by predicting intermediate clinical concepts before final...
By Amy Rafferty, Rishi Ramaesh, Ajitha Rajan
TRACE is a training-time framework that uses structured radiology reports to guide concept editing, allowing image-only diagnosis during inference. It refines image-derived concepts with a teacher-guided editing mechanism in a malignancy-aware ordered concept space and introduces Strategic Concept Missing Training to handle incomplete annotations. The authors also present BUSC, a benchmark linking images, labels, and structured attributes, and show that TRACE outperforms existing methods on multiple datasets with better cross-domain robustness.
By Wentao Yue, Tianyou Lai, Jiayu Luo, Qingyu Mao, Ziying Wang, Zhenyuan Ning, Qilei Li
arXiv:2512. 21414v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent tool-use frameworks powered by vision-language models (VLMs) improve image understanding by grounding model predictions with specialized tools.
By Christina Liu, Alan Q. Wang, Joy Hsu, Jiajun Wu, Ehsan Adeli
The paper introduces a new framework for generating medical image counterfactuals that does not rely on auxiliary generative models. By extracting causal evidence directly from a classifier, the method deterministically produces edits within user-specified regions, requiring no additional training. Experiments on real-world medical imaging datasets show that these counterfactuals alter classifier predictions while staying closer to the original image than generative baselines, offering a clearer view of the model’s decision boundary.
By David A. Kelly, Tom Yaacov, Nathan Blake, Sander Beckers, Hana Chockler
The paper introduces a new method for generating medical image counterfactuals that does not rely on auxiliary generative models. By extracting causal evidence directly from the classifier, the approach deterministically edits user-specified regions to alter predictions while staying closer to the original image than generative baselines. Experiments on real-world medical imaging datasets show that this technique provides a more direct and transparent view of the classifier’s decision boundary.
arXiv:2603. 02221v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In clinical tabular prediction, classical machine learning models with feature engineering often outperform neural methods.
By Zizheng Zhang, Yiming Li, Justin Xu, Jinyu Wang, Rui Wang, Lei Song, Jiang Bian, David W Eyre, Jingjing Fu