arXiv AI
Sep 23

Biased AI improves human performance but reduces perceived helpfulness

The study tests deliberately biased AI assistants and finds that such bias improves human performance on tasks like misinformation evaluation, financial investment, and graduate education compared to neutral AI. However, participants undervalue biased AI and overvalue neutral AI, even when performance is similar. When two AI biases flank a participant’s perspective, performance gains are maintained while reducing the perceived cost and one‑sided influence.

By Shiyang Lai, Jiwoong Choi, Junsol Kim, Nadav Kunievsky, Yujin Potter, James Evans
arXiv Computation and Language
2d ago

S1CogBench: What System One Decision Models Can and Cannot Do on Cognitive Experiments

S1CogBench is a new benchmark that evaluates System One decision models—typed decision models like Jev and Laya—on 24 cognitive tasks. It tests whether these models can use evidence, respond to feedback, handle memory load, and anticipate future opportunities, while keeping conditions and scoring separate from any disclosed adaptations. The study finds wide variability in reliability among decision models, shows that good performance does not guarantee human-like predictions, and reveals that speed largely stems from generating decisions without text output.

By Dengzhe Hou, Kazunori D Yamada
arXiv Computation and Language
2d ago

Swap, Replicate, Read the Mass: A Protocol for Auditing Demographic Bias in System One Decision Models

The paper introduces a comprehensive audit protocol for System One decision models, which provide typed, probability‑scored answers without human oversight. Using three adapted benchmarks—BBQ, CrowS‑Pairs, and SilverSpoon—it evaluates twelve models plus a no‑thinking baseline across 1,638,000 decisions, revealing widespread stereotype alignment, order‑dependent responses, and confidence instability. The study demonstrates that swapping answer options and reversing question order significantly alters model outputs, underscoring the need for order‑invariant scoring in procurement.

By Alejandro Mozo Quesada (Universidad de M\'alaga, Spain), Sergio G\'alvez Rojas (Universidad de M\'alaga, Spain), Francisco L\'opez Valverde (Universidad de M\'alaga, Spain)