PosteriorBench is a new benchmark that evaluates how well generative inverse solvers recover full posterior distributions rather than just a single reconstruction. It tests four physics-based inverse problems—Darcy flow inversion, Poisson source recovery, carbon capture and storage, and light transport material inference—using high-fidelity reference posteriors generated by rejection sampling and MCMC. The benchmark employs five metrics (posterior-mean error, posterior-standard-deviation error, maximum mean discrepancy, sliced Wasserstein distance, and radially averaged power-spectrum error) to assess pointwise accuracy, uncertainty, distributional alignment, and global frequency fidelity, revealing significant distribution-matching gaps in current solvers and highlighting the importance of neural operators, guidance weights, and generation noise for posterior-variance calibration.
By Jiachen Yao, Zi-Siang Hsu, Xi Deng, Aditi Gupta, Xin Ju, Sally M Benson, Gege Wen, Anima Anandkumar
arXiv:2603. 14798v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: We propose a machine-learning algorithm for Bayesian inverse problems in the function-space regime.
By Zilan Cheng, Li-Lian Wang, Zhongjian Wang
arXiv:2607. 19333v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Diffusion-based methods have achieved remarkable empirical success in solving inverse problems.
By Yuchen Jiao, Na Li, Changxiao Cai, Yuxin Chen, Gen Li
The paper introduces a continuous normalizing flow model for infinite-dimensional Bayesian inference in inverse problems governed by partial differential equations. By defining a neural ordinary differential equation in an infinite-dimensional Hilbert space, a simple reference measure is transformed into a complex prior that captures prior information. The authors establish a theoretical framework for well-posedness, present training methods for two data settings, and provide sampling algorithms, applying the approach to smooth, scattering, and heat conduction inverse problems with supporting numerical experiments.
By Yang Zhao, Junxiong Jia, Tao Zhou
arXiv:2606. 20417v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Inverse problems for differential equations arise throughout science and engineering, where one seeks to infer unknown model parameters from noisy or incomplete observations.
By Christian Jimenez-Beltran, Aretha L. Teckentrup, Antonio Vergari, Konstantinos C. Zygalakis
arXiv:2601. 22443v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Can a diffusion model trained on bedrooms recover human faces?
By Jing Jia, Wei Yuan, Sifan Liu, Liyue Shen, Guanyang Wang