A Layered Taxonomy for Chinese Learner Grammatical Error Annotation

The paper introduces a layered taxonomy for annotating grammatical errors in Chinese learner writing, aiming for consistency and linguistic relevance. It first classifies character- and punctuation-level orthographic errors by edit operation and subtype, then assigns other errors a three-layer core label that combines edit operation, linguistic domain, and part of speech, with optional Chinese-specific extensions. The taxonomy is evaluated through coverage analysis of automatically extracted edits and a preliminary consistency study using five large language models, confirming the layered approach while highlighting areas needing refinement.

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