SpatialOPSD is a self‑distillation framework that teaches a multimodal large language model (MLLM) to perform spatial reasoning without relying on external tools. By feeding the MLLM with verified execution traces from a spatial coding agent, the model learns an internal spatial chain‑of‑thought. The method includes Repetition‑Aware Distillation to prevent privileged‑information leakage, and experiments show it outperforms SFT and GRPO on spatial and out‑of‑distribution benchmarks.
arXiv:2606. 12830v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While recent vision-language models (VLMs) demonstrate strong multimodal understanding, they remain limited in spatial reasoning tasks that require active evidence acquisition and multi-step visual interaction.
arXiv:2511. 02627v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We introduce DecompSR, decomposed spatial reasoning, a large benchmark dataset (over 5m datapoints) and generation framework designed to analyse compositional spatial reasoning ability.
MultihopSpatial is a new benchmark for Vision‑Language Models that focuses on multi‑hop, compositional spatial reasoning with queries ranging from 1 to 3 hops across varied spatial perspectives. It introduces the Acc@50IoU metric, which jointly evaluates answer selection and precise bounding‑box prediction, and provides a large‑scale training corpus, MultihopSpatial‑Train, to improve spatial intelligence. Evaluation of 37 state‑of‑the‑art VLMs shows that compositional spatial reasoning remains a significant challenge, and reinforcement learning fine‑tuning on the corpus boosts both intrinsic spatial reasoning and downstream embodied manipulation performance.
arXiv:2606. 03988v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Vision language models (VLMs) excel at many tasks but still struggle with spatial reasoning when critical information is not directly observable.
arXiv:2606. 13673v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Spatial reasoning, the ability to determine where objects are, how they relate, and how they move in 3D, remains a fundamental challenge for vision-language models (VLMs).
The paper introduces PEPS, a training‑free framework that improves spatial reasoning in Vision‑Language Models by parsing queries into a compact set of executable requirements before execution. PEPS uses a typed FESM schema (Frame, Entity, State, Metric) to commit queries, then selectively grounds primitives via fixed geometric APIs and verifies sufficiency, allowing early termination or targeted repair. Experiments on spatial reasoning benchmarks show that PEPS boosts accuracy while reducing refinement rounds, API cost, and latency compared to existing tool‑integrated baselines.
Current VLM evaluations often conflate language priors with genuine spatial reasoning. To address this, we introduce CRISP, a novel structural-diagnostic evaluation paradigm that assesses visual spatial intelligence through consistency, the alignment between implicit perception and explicit reasoning.
arXiv:2606. 09669v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Spatial reasoning is a foundational capability for multimodal large language models (MLLMs) to perceive and operate within the physical world.
arXiv:2609.38716v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs) have made remarkable progress across visual perception tasks, yet spatial reasoning remains a persistent weaknes...
arXiv:2610.23416v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have significantly advanced instruction-driven perception through the "Embedding-as-Mask" paradigm. However, e...
arXiv:2510.13394v4 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Spatial reasoning ability is crucial for Vision Language Models (VLMs) to support real-world applications in diverse domains including robotics, au...
arXiv:2610.19108v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) have been widely applied in embodied agents and robotics for vision tasks. However, MLLMs suffer from limita...