Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly adopted for network automation, yet their output quality and inference cost can vary substantially across LLM families. We present HuGLEN, a stepwise evaluation pipeline that uses an LLM-as-a-judge together with a small set of expert ratings to enable scalable and reproducible comparison of candidate LLMs, and to rank them using a quality efficiency score (QES).
arXiv:2606. 10942v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) models become integral to network operations, their lack of transparency poses a significant barrier to operator trust.
By Kiarash Rezaei, Omran Ayoub, Sebastian Troia, Francesco Lelli, Paolo Monti, Carlos Natalino
arXiv:2607. 20675v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine learning (ML) models are increasingly integrated into optical network automation frameworks to support tasks such as failure management, performance monitoring and resource allocation.
By Omran Ayoub, Carlos Natalino, Ali Al Housseini, Felix Foschum, Philipp Morger, Tiziano Leidi, David Hock, Paolo Monti
As artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) models become integral to network operations, their lack of transparency poses a significant barrier to operator trust. Existing explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) techniques often fail to bridge this gap for non-specialists, producing technical outputs that are difficult to translate into actionable insights.
arXiv:2608. 00044v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We propose a retrieval-based framework for crossdomain quality-of-transmission (QoT) estimation that leverages transferable feature representations while avoiding reliance on source-domain-specific decision boundaries.
By Ali Al Housseini, Carlos Natalino, Paolo Monti, Omran Ayoub
arXiv:2607. 20666v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The robustness of machine learning techniques across heterogeneous network domains remains an open challenge in optical networks.
By Ali Al Housseini, Carlos Natalino, Paolo Monti, Omran Ayoub
arXiv:2608. 03071v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language model agents derive much of their capability from tool use.
By Guoyao Yu, Xiaoqing Sun, Ziqi Huang, Shaojing Fan, Zhongyi Zhang, Xiaomeng Hu, Xiaobo Xue, Yangyang Shi, Xiong Xiao, Yang Song, Biao Lyu, Rong Wen, Xing Li, Qinming He, Shunming Zhu, Zhenguang Liu
arXiv:2603. 16728v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Vision-language models (VLMs) are increasingly deployed in high-stakes settings where reliable uncertainty quantification (UQ) is as important as predictive accuracy.
By Robert Welch, Emir Konuk, Kevin Smith
arXiv:2607. 01829v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly proposed for aviation business operations, from documentation and training generation to customer facing assistants.
By Alex Brooker, Tim Hughes
arXiv:2607. 06786v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Standards bodies, including TM Forum, 3GPP, and ETSI, are converging on Agentic AI as the foundation for next-generation network management, where Large AI Model (LAM)-based agents autonomously interpret intent, coordinate resources, and adapt operational behaviors at runtime.
By Petar Djukic, Sudipta Acharya, Takai Eddine Kennouche, Burak Kantarci
arXiv:2607. 29614v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The rapid adoption of deep learning models in high-risk domains has intensified the need for trustworthy Explainable Artificial Intelligence (XAI).
By Christian Oliva, Luis F. Lago-Fern\'andez
arXiv:2603. 25450v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Detecting when a language model is wrong without ground truth labels is a fundamental challenge for safe deployment.
By Matt Gorbett, Suman Jana