arXiv AI

Fisher-R1: Training LLM Agents for Reliable Hypothesis Testing

arXiv:2608. 07437v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reliable hypothesis testing is the foundation of many empirical scientific claims.

arXiv AI

Jun 24

CORE-Bench: Fostering the Credibility of Published Research Through a Computational Reproducibility Agent Benchmark

arXiv:2409. 11363v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: AI agents have the potential to aid users on a variety of consequential tasks, including conducting scientific research.

By Zachary S. Siegel, Sayash Kapoor, Nitya Nadgir, Benedikt Stroebl, Arvind Narayanan

llms agents multimodal benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 14

FIRE-Bench: Evaluating AI Agents on the Rediscovery of Scientific Insights

arXiv:2602. 02905v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Autonomous agents powered by large language models (LLMs) promise to accelerate scientific discovery end-to-end, but rigorously evaluating their capacity for verifiable discovery remains a central challenge.

By Zhen Wang, Fan Bai, Zhongyan Luo, Jinyan Su, Kaiser Sun, Xinle Yu, Jieyuan Liu, Kun Zhou, Claire Cardie, Mark Dredze, Zhiting Hu, Eric P. Xing

llms agents benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 5

SUPERNOVA: Eliciting General Reasoning in LLMs with Reinforcement Learning on Natural Instructions

arXiv:2604. 08477v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Rewards (RLVR) has substantially improved reasoning in formal domains such as mathematics and code, but extending these gains beyond STEM remains challenging.

By Ashima Suvarna, Kendrick Phan, Mehrab Beikzadeh, Hritik Bansal, Saadia Gabriel

llms reinforcement-learning benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Sep 22

Fathom-Vaidya: Advancing Medical Reasoning with Rubric-Based Rewards

arXiv:2609.24480v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Deploying Large Language Models (LLMs) in healthcare requires robust performance across two complementary dimensions - diagnostic reasoning: the conv...

By Kalash Shah, Kunal Singh, Snehan J, Shreyas Singh

llms reinforcement-learning benchmarks

arXiv AI

Aug 18

ML-AutoResearch: Training Machine Learning Research Agents with Automatically Generated Environments

arXiv:2603. 17216v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: With the advent of AI agents, automated scientific discovery is becoming an increasingly plausible goal.

By Ziyang Cai, Amir Saeidi, Harkirat Behl

agents fine-tuning benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 24

AREX: Towards a Recursively Self-Improving Agent for Deep Research

arXiv:2607. 21461v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Deep research requires agents to find answers that jointly satisfy multiple constraints.

By Shuqi Lu, Chaofan Li, Kun Luo, Zhang Zhang, Hui Wang, Hongwang Xiao, Zheng Liu, Lei Xiong, Jiahao Wang, Sen Wang, Xiyan Jiang, Wanli Li, Yuyang Hu, Hongjin Qian, Bingyu Yan, Ziyi Xia, Yingxia Shao, Kang Liu, Zhicheng Dou, Di He, Chaozhuo Li, Qiwei Ye, Zhongyuan Wang, Zheng Liu

agents reinforcement-learning benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Sep 22

Tool-Augmented On-Policy Distillation for LLM Domain Adaptation in Sequence-Based Omics Tasks

The paper introduces OmicsBench, a new reasoning benchmark for multi‑omics sequences that includes 1,160 expert‑validated questions across DNA regulation, RNA processing, and protein function tasks, requiring traceable evidence chains. Evaluation of 17 large language models shows that scientific LLMs, while more accurate in classification, often lack valid evidence, suggesting shortcut learning. To address this, the authors propose tool‑augmented on‑policy distillation (TA‑OPD), a post‑training method that improves both evidence grounding and predictive performance across five Qwen3.5 models of varying sizes.

By Jie Ying, Zhefan Wang, Zihong Chen, Zhengqing Li, Jinzhe Li, Gang Li, Jian Liu, Fang Hu, Tao Luo, Zhonghang Yuan, Wanli Ouyang, Stan Z. Li, Fan Yang, Nanqing Dong

llms fine-tuning efficiency benchmarks

arXiv AI

4d ago

MLToolBench: Learning Tool-Augmented Agents for Machine Learning Development

arXiv:2609.36679v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Machine learning engineering (MLE) agents have made substantial progress, but learning through ML experimentation remains costly in time and computatio...

By Xin Yu, Lizhu Zhang, Jiamu Bai, Yanhong Wu, Zellux Wang, Serena Li, Weiwei Li, Lingzhou Xue, Xiangjun Fan, Bo Peng

agents reinforcement-learning fine-tuning

arXiv AI

Jun 11

Can AI Agents Synthesize Scientific Conclusions?

arXiv:2606. 11337v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Scientific AI agents increasingly retrieve evidence, reason across sources, and synthesize conclusions used in consequential decisions.

By Hayoung Jung, Pedro Viana Diniz, Jos\'e Reinaldo Corr\^ea Roveda, Abner Fernandes da Silva, Haeun Jung, Enoch Tsai, Aleksandra Korolova, Manoel Horta Ribeiro

agents benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 28

Loong: Synthesize Long Chain-of-Thoughts at Scale through Verifiers

arXiv:2509. 03059v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent advances in Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown that their reasoning capabilities can be significantly improved through Reinforcement Learning with Verifiable Reward (RLVR), particularly in domains like mathematics and programming, where ground-truth correctness can be automatically evaluated.

By Xingyue Huang, Rishabh, Gregor Franke, Ziyi Yang, Jiamu Bai, Weijie Bai, Jinhe Bi, Zifeng Ding, Yiqun Duan, Chengyu Fan, Wendong Fan, Xin Gao, Ruohao Guo, Yuan He, Zhuangzhuang He, Xianglong Hu, Neil Johnson, Bowen Li, Fangru Lin, Siyu Lin, Tong Liu, Yunpu Ma, Hao Shen, Hao Sun, Beibei Wang, Fangyijie Wang, Hao Wang, Haoran Wang, Yang Wang, Yifeng Wang, Zhaowei Wang, Ziyang Wang, Yifan Wu, Zikai Xiao, Chengxing Xie, Fan Yang, Junxiao Yang, Qianshuo Ye, Ziyu Ye, Guangtao Zeng, Yuwen Ebony Zhang, Zeyu Zhang, Zihao Zhu, Bernard Ghanem, Philip Torr, Guohao Li

llms agents reinforcement-learning benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jun 3

Exploiting Verification-Generation Gap: Test-Time Reinforcement Learning with Confidence-Conditioned Verification

arXiv:2606. 03608v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Test-time reinforcement learning has emerged as a promising paradigm for enhancing the complex reasoning abilities of large language models in a completely label-free manner.

By Jiahui Li, Jianfeng Shan, Wenpei Chen, Shunyu Wu, Jian Lou, Wenjie Feng, Dan Li, See-Kiong Ng

llms reinforcement-learning benchmarks

arXiv AI

Jul 10

CausalDS: Benchmarking Causal Reasoning in Data-Science Agents

arXiv:2607. 08093v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) increasingly act as integrated data-science agents, combining abstract reasoning with advanced tool use.

By Andrej Leban, Yuekai Sun

llms agents benchmarks

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