arXiv AI

Lost in the Request: How Communication Variation Disrupts Retrieval and Action in Email Agents

arXiv AI
Oct 5

Evaluating the Retrieval Robustness of Large Language Models

The paper evaluates how robust large language models (LLMs) are when using retrieval‑augmented generation (RAG) in practical settings. It investigates whether RAG always outperforms non‑RAG approaches, whether adding more retrieved documents helps, and whether the order of documents matters, using a benchmark of 1,891 samples across five datasets and three task categories. Experiments with 11 LLMs show generally high retrieval robustness, but performance varies by task and prompting strategy, indicating that adopting RAG should be considered on a case‑by‑case basis.

By Shuyang Cao, Karthik Radhakrishnan, David Rosenberg, Steven Lu, Pengxiang Cheng, Lu Wang, Shiyue Zhang
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 29

Parameters vs. Context: TRACE Fine-Tuning for Robust Retrieval-Augmented Generation

The paper introduces TRACE, a fine‑tuning framework for Retrieval‑Augmented Generation (RAG) that addresses conflicts between retrieved knowledge and a model’s internal knowledge. TRACE uses multi‑agent debate traces to identify correct and incorrect candidates and answer‑shift patterns, providing fine‑grained supervision for reliable knowledge‑source selection. It also incorporates an answer‑completeness regularization mechanism to prevent empty, overly short, or prematurely terminated responses, thereby improving robustness against misleading retrieved content and enhancing answer quality.

By Zhengchen Huang, Yundong Sun, Minrui Song, Shuanglong Yao, Ye Liu, Ji Chen, Xing Wang
arXiv Computation and Language
Oct 16

Beyond Retrieval Failure: Understanding Why LLMs Miss Evidence in Multi-Hop RAG

The paper investigates why large language models (LLMs) miss evidence in multi‑hop retrieval‑augmented generation (RAG). It introduces ExecutionRAG, a training‑free register that tracks open sub‑questions and their supporting evidence, allowing the authors to distinguish between true retrieval failures and search drift. Using this method on 1,000 MuSiQue questions, the study shows a significant reduction in missed evidence but also reveals that other error types, such as premature resolutions and abstentions, increase, shifting the bottleneck from search guidance to evidence verification.

By Jiaqi Wei, Wenxuan Huang, Chengdong Xu, Xiang Zhang, Wanli Ouyang
arXiv AI
Sep 1

Look It Up: Analysing Internal Web Search Capabilities of Modern LLMs

The paper evaluates how modern large language models use internal web search to answer factual questions. Using 783 static queries and 288 dynamic queries, the authors find that enabling retrieval improves accuracy on static questions but hurts confidence calibration. On dynamic queries, models often retrieve but still achieve less than 70% accuracy, mainly due to poor query formulation and source selection, indicating that internal web search works better as a quick verification tool than a full information‑retrieval system.

By Sahil Kale
arXiv AI
Oct 16

Same Context, Different Agents: A Behavioral Study of Semantic Layers, Orchestration and Compaction in Data Agents

The study examines how three context‑engineering techniques—semantic layers, orchestration, and compaction—affect data agents that answer questions over heterogeneous data. Using seven large language models on 1,514 long‑horizon tasks, the authors identify three agent behavior groups (investigators, premature answerers, early stoppers) and show that each technique benefits only the group it aligns with, while sometimes harming others. Combining the techniques yields smaller net gains than the sum of individual effects, leading to guidance on selecting techniques based on agent behavior, task demands, and accuracy‑cost trade‑offs.

By Zhivar Sourati, Marianne Menglin Liu, Zheng Wang, Rongguang Wang, Sai Ashish Somayajula, Tao Sheng, Kyu J. Han, Sujith Ravi, Dan Roth