arXiv Computation and Language

EvalMem: An Operation-Level Diagnostic Framework for Long-Term Memory Systems

arXiv AI
Oct 19

From Relevant Memories to Sufficient Evidence: Rethinking Memory Utilization in LLM Agents

The paper introduces QEMem, a framework that rethinks how large language model agents use long‑term memory by constructing query‑specific evidence sets rather than relying on individual memory relevance. QEMem combines query‑guided discovery, source‑grounded reification into structured ViewCards, and sufficiency‑guided refinement to assemble comprehensive evidence from multiple memory granularities. Experiments show that QEMem achieves 91.43% LLM‑judge accuracy on LoCoMo with Claude Opus 4.5, surpassing leading baselines by significant margins and improving evidence coverage for cross‑session queries.

By Shixuan Li, Wei Yang, Peiyu Zhang, Anzhe Cheng, Heng Ping, Xiaole Zhang, Jesse Thomason, Xuezhe Ma, Yue Zhao, Paul Bogdan
arXiv AI
Sep 10

When Does Memory Help? A Cost-Aware Evaluation of Long-Term Memory in Tool-Using LLM Agents

The paper introduces MERIT, a benchmark that evaluates the marginal benefit of long‑term memory for tool‑using large language model agents while explicitly accounting for cost. MERIT provides episodic tool‑use tasks across three domains, verifies dependence on earlier‑episode facts, and measures memory operations in tokens and dollars. Experiments on GPT‑4.1‑mini, Claude Haiku 4.5, and Claude Sonnet 5 show that memory can significantly improve task success, but its utility varies widely across models and memory implementations, and full replay is rarely cost‑effective.

By Shweta Mishra, Shashank Mishra
arXiv AI
Oct 31

When Stored Evidence Stops Being Usable: Scale-Conditioned Evaluation of Agent Memory

The paper introduces a scale‑conditioned evaluation protocol for agent memory that measures how usable evidence degrades as irrelevant sessions accumulate. It logs memory trajectories and reports four diagnostics—budget‑compliant reliability, tail memory‑call burden, failure‑regime decomposition, and the usable‑scale boundary. Experiments on LongMemEval and LoCoMo show that reliability loss varies across memory interfaces and agents, highlighting that scalable‑memory claims must be conditioned on agent, interface, scale range, and interaction budget.

By Jiaqi Shao, Yiyi Lu, Yunzhen Zhang, Bing Luo
arXiv AI
Oct 16

Beyond Downstream QA: Rethinking How We Evaluate Agent Memory

The paper critiques current agent memory benchmarks that rely on downstream QA accuracy, arguing they conflate memory correctness with retrieval and generation quality, leading to misleading results. It introduces FEB-30, a new benchmark of 30 fact‑evolution trajectories across six diagnostic categories and three difficulty levels, generated automatically to provide deterministic ground truth. Using FEB-30, the authors show a significant divergence between intrinsic and extrinsic evaluations, revealing that a representative memory system correctly classifies memory operations only 20% of the time—an error invisible to traditional QA metrics.

By Sebastian-Antonio Toma, Jean de Kernier, Mike Ply, Oliviu Matei
arXiv AI
Aug 19

D$^2$ACCI: A Dual-Loop Diagnostic Protocol for Evidence-Preserving Agent Memory

The paper introduces D$^2$ACCI, a dual-loop diagnostic protocol designed to improve evidence-preserving memory in large language model agents. It provides a structured framework that uses paired evidence, protected-slice monitoring, and trace-level localizability to decide whether to promote, flag, or reject memory interventions. The authors also present DCR, a metric for measuring failure localizability, and D$^2$ACCI‑Eval, a reusable artifact for gate replay, demonstrating significant performance gains on three public benchmarks and highlighting the importance of traceable, statistically grounded diagnostics.

By Xule Liu, Yijun Liu, Chao Li, Shao Kun
arXiv AI
Jun 30

Evaluating Memory in LLM Agents via Incremental Multi-Turn Interactions

arXiv:2507. 05257v4 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Recent benchmarks for Large Language Model (LLM) agents primarily focus on evaluating reasoning, planning, and execution capabilities, while another critical component-memory, encompassing how agents memorize, update, and retrieve long-term information-is under-evaluated due to the lack of benchmarks.

By Yuanzhe Hu, Yu Wang, Julian McAuley
arXiv AI
Oct 5

DyadMem: A Long-Term Memory Benchmark of How Agents Work with Users

DyadMem introduces a new benchmark for evaluating how long‑term agents remember user‑specific relational information, called User‑conditioned Relational Agent Memory (URAM). The dataset contains 3,065 episodes, 50,961 sessions, and 61,210 QA pairs, with detailed annotations for memory capture, update, and recall across multi‑session trajectories. Experiments on 20 models show strong performance in a gold‑memory setting but a significant drop in full‑pipeline QA, highlighting gaps in current LLM memory capabilities.

By Yifei Tao, Xinyu Zhong, Henry Hengyuan Zhao, Fanyi Wang, Tengda Guo, Wentao Qiu, Ying Wang, Liujian Tang
arXiv AI
Sep 18

Correct Now, Insufficient Later: Auditing Update Sufficiency in Context Compression

The paper investigates how memory systems can answer a current query correctly yet fail to retain distinctions needed for later updates. Using a paired‑history audit, the authors evaluate 24 history pairs across six synthetic mechanisms and two model backends, achieving perfect reveal accuracy on DeepSeek and high accuracy on GLM. Record‑level audits reveal specific failures in structured reveal memories and frontier late‑reference adequacy, and the authors test a label‑equivariant repair that only partially restores correctness.

By Guangzhe Zhang