The paper presents a scalable approach to harmful content moderation on social media by leveraging large language models (LLMs) for few-shot, in-context learning. Experiments across multiple LLMs show that this method outperforms proprietary baselines such as Perspective and OpenAI Moderation, as well as prior few-shot learning techniques, in detecting harmful content. The study also explores the addition of visual cues like video thumbnails to assess multimodal improvements, highlighting the advantages of LLM-based moderation for dynamic and large-scale content filtering.
By Akash Bonagiri, Lucen Li, Rajvardhan Oak, Zeerak Babar, Magdalena Wojcieszak, Anshuman Chhabra
arXiv:2606. 14780v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Clickbait content on video-sharing platforms poses a significant challenge to information reliability, yet progress in automated detection has been constrained by the lack of large-scale, high-quality multimodal datasets.
By Md. Minhazul Islam, Md. Tanbeer Jubaer, Amith Khandakar, Shovon Sarker, Sumaiya Rahman, Md. Masum Mia, Mohamed Arselene Ayari, Hamed Noori
arXiv:2606. 00046v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Video platforms such as YouTube have reshaped how users engage with entertainment and information, emphasizing brief, highly engaging content such as Shorts.
By Sydney Johns, Sanjeev Parthasarathy, Shantnu Bhalla, Vaibhav Garg
Large vision-language models (LVLMs) have recently shown immense potential in automated content moderation, sparking growing interest in developing harmful-video benchmarks. However, we identify two primary limitations in existing works: 1) The multi-layered characteristics of harmful videos are overlooked.
The study audits Bluesky’s Moderation Service (BMS) using its 10.6 million public moderation labels from 2025. It finds that BMS operates as a human‑AI collaboration: sexual and graphic content is flagged automatically in seconds, while more nuanced or high‑stakes content requires human review that can take hours or days. The system shows high precision (0.837) but low recall (0.222), with annotators detecting 4.5 times more harmful content than the system, and clustering reveals harms ranging from hostility toward protected groups to the spread of explicit material.
By Pushpdeep Singh, Sayeh Jarollahi, Ayan Majumdar, Vabuk Pahari, Abhijnan Chakraborty, Krishna P. Gummadi, Ingmar Weber, Abhisek Dash
Hateful memes are a growing form of multimodal online harm, where hostile intent is often conveyed through the joint interpretation of images, text, cultural references, and implicit targets. While hateful meme detection has advanced in high-resource languages, Arabic remains underexplored, with existing meme resources focusing mainly on propaganda or coarse harmful-content labels.
arXiv:2609.00206v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Despite their growing use in video moderation, multimodal large language models (MLLMs) exhibit a compositional safety blind spot: videos composed of...
By Ruotong Wang, Zihao Zhu, Siwei Lyu, Xin Tao, Baoyuan Wu
arXiv:2512. 03553v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Content moderation remains a critical yet challenging task for large-scale user-generated video platforms, especially in livestreaming environments where moderation must be timely, multimodal, and robust to evolving forms of unwanted content.
By Wei Chee Yew, Hailun Xu, Sanjay Saha, Xiaotian Fan, Hiok Hian Ong, David Yuchen Wang, Kanchan Sarkar, Zhenheng Yang, Danhui Guan
arXiv:2601. 11178v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Social media platforms are increasingly dominated by long-form multimodal content, where harmful narratives are constructed through a complex interplay of audio, visual, and textual cues.
By Girish A. Koushik, Helen Treharne, Diptesh Kanojia
The paper introduces WSF-ARG+, a new dataset that pairs hate speech with check‑worthiness annotations, and presents an LLM‑in‑the‑loop framework to streamline the annotation process. Experiments with 12 open‑weight large language models demonstrate that the framework cuts human effort while maintaining annotation quality. The study also shows that incorporating check‑worthiness labels improves hate‑speech detection performance, boosting macro‑F1 scores for large models by up to 0.213 and averaging 0.154 across models.
By Nicol\'as Benjam\'in Ocampo, Tommaso Caselli, Davide Ceolin
arXiv:2403. 18957v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Online user generated content games (UGCGs) are increasingly popular among children and adolescents for social interaction and more creative online entertainment.
By Keyan Guo, Ayush Utkarsh, Wenbo Ding, Isabelle Ondracek, Ziming Zhao, Guo Freeman, Nishant Vishwamitra, Hongxin Hu
The paper introduces MemeMind, a large-scale dataset for detecting harmful memes that includes a detailed taxonomy and Chain-of-Thought reasoning annotations. It also proposes MemeGuard, a multimodal framework that uses a three-stage training strategy to improve visual understanding, reasoning, and discrimination of harmful content. Experiments show MemeGuard surpasses current state-of-the-art methods on MemeMind, advancing detection accuracy and interpretability.
By Hexiang Gu, Qifan Yu, Yuan Liu, Zikang Li, Saihui Hou, Jian Zhao, Zhaofeng He