arXiv:2607. 22555v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical diagnosis is a multi-stage process: extract facts, consult knowledge, generate a differential analysis, and select the best diagnosis with explanations.
arXiv:2505. 14107v5 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The emergence of groundbreaking large language models capable of performing complex reasoning tasks holds significant promise for addressing various scientific challenges, including those arising in complex clinical scenarios.
arXiv:2608.21948v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Complex clinical reasoning requires models to update diagnostic hypotheses as new evidence emerges and to coordinate different medical specialities und...
arXiv:2607. 15280v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Sequential diagnosis requires balancing diagnostic accuracy against resource costs through iterative information gathering.
arXiv:2606. 16149v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Most medical AI systems improve by scaling additional machinery: more fine-tuning data, more agents, and/or larger retrieval databases.
arXiv:2606. 01961v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Autonomous agents are increasingly expected to support end-to-end medical-AI research workflows, moving beyond isolated prediction tasks or short-form clinical question answering.
arXiv:2607. 23290v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Rare diseases collectively affect an estimated 3.
The paper introduces MACD, a Multi-Agent Clinical Diagnosis framework that enables large language models to self‑learn clinical knowledge through a multi‑agent pipeline of summarization, refinement, and application. MACD is extended into a human‑AI collaborative workflow where multiple diagnostician agents consult iteratively, guided by a judge agent and human oversight. Evaluation on the MIMIC‑MACD cohort shows significant gains in diagnostic accuracy—an average 11.6 percentage‑point improvement over authoritative knowledge for open‑weight LLMs and an 18.3‑percentage‑point boost over physician‑only diagnosis in text‑only vignettes.
arXiv:2606. 31179v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As AI agents become increasingly capable of complex, long-horizon reasoning, rigorous and holistic evaluation is essential for measuring progress toward real-world healthcare applications.
arXiv:2510. 21324v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Chest X-ray (CXR) plays a pivotal role in clinical diagnosis, and a variety of task-specific and foundation models have been developed for automatic CXR interpretation.
arXiv:2607. 08038v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Diagnostic error is a major threat to patient safety, yet current large language model (LLM) systems often treat diagnosis as a one-shot prediction task, lacking safeguards against missed high-risk alternatives or rigorous verification of their reasoning.
arXiv:2608.16831v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Pretrained large language models offer a practical foundation for learning useful behavior from few task-specific examples. We argue that current p...
arXiv:2512. 11682v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Therapeutic decision-making in clinical medicine constitutes a high-stakes domain in which AI guidance interacts with complex interactions among patient characteristics, disease processes, and pharmacological agents.