arXiv Machine Learning

Large Distant Gradients Need Not Be Reliable: reliability-weighted credit assignment for long-horizon autoregressive forecasting

The paper introduces Internal Dual-Wiener routing (Internal‑DW), a backward‑only method that weight‑balances internal gradient routes in autoregressive forecasting. By estimating bounded Wiener gains for identity and nonlinear paths, it suppresses unpredictable noise while preserving predictable learning signals, reducing forecast error by 5.2%–13.8% on four weak‑drive testbeds compared to full BPTT and outperforming gradient clipping, Jacobian regularization, and truncated BPTT in most cases. The approach shows that long‑horizon supervision can be effective without trusting every backward gradient equally.

arXiv AI
Aug 3

HERO: History-Enriched Rollout Training for Long-Horizon Autoregressive Neural Operators

arXiv:2607. 29135v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Neural operators provide fast surrogates for time-dependent partial differential equations (PDEs) by applying a learned evolution operator recursively to its own predictions, but this autoregressive rollout feeds every prediction error back as input, so local errors accumulate.

By Jiaquan Zhang, Shuxu Chen, Haifan Meng, Yi Lu, Zhihan Lyu, Fan Mo, Wei Dong, Yang Yang, Chaoning Zhang
arXiv AI
Sep 4

RATL: Learning from Retrieved Residuals for Robust Multivariate Time-Series Forecasting

RATL is a plug‑in method for multivariate time‑series forecasting that uses a frozen base forecaster to build a memory of its historical forecast residuals. During inference, RATL retrieves residual trajectories from similar past contexts and employs a set‑aware router to combine them, providing learned feedback correction. Experiments demonstrate that this residual‑retrieval approach improves the performance of the base forecaster across various benchmarks and backbones.

By Yuchen He, Yueyang Cang, Zhiyuan Ning, Ningyu Wang, Li Shi
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 18

BLADE: Scalable Bi-level Adaptive Data Selection for LLM Training

arXiv:2606. 18650v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: As Large Language Model (LLM) datasets scale to trillions of tokens, data selection has emerged as a critical frontier to filter out uninformative noise and construct adaptive learning trajectories.

By Jiaxing Wang, Deping Xiang, Jin Xu, Zirui Liu, Zicheng Zhang, Guoqiang Gong, Jun Fang, Chao Liu, Pengzhang Liu, Tongxuan Liu, Ke Zhang, Qixia Jiang
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 27

Forecasting Multiple Observables with SCROLL: Score-Trained Uncertainty for Stochastic Dynamics

The paper introduces SCROLL, a method for forecasting multiple observables in stochastic dynamical systems by composing each observable’s likelihood into per‑task free‑routed last‑layer beliefs on a shared backbone. This approach learns unit‑dependent loss scaling directly from data, enabling accurate predictive variance estimation without separate tuning. Experiments on the Ornstein–Uhlenbeck process, stochastic Lorenz‑63, and real air‑quality data show that SCROLL recovers analytic kernels, achieves superior negative log‑likelihood on state and regime tasks, and maintains calibration while reducing hyper‑parameter search costs.

By Pavel Prochazka