The paper introduces Tlow, a flow-based item tokenizer that transforms raw semantic embeddings into a latent space following a standard normal distribution, enabling independent tokenization and simplifying distributional complexity. Tlow incorporates codebook guidance to align token embeddings with the codebook space, producing semantically clear token IDs. Experiments on four public datasets and an online multi‑modal retrieval task on WeChat show that Tlow improves recommendation performance and increases user click‑through rates by over 10%.
arXiv:2606. 25147v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: User modeling in industrial recommender systems typically produces dense embeddings, which suffer from representational constraints inherent to fixed-dimensional vectors.
arXiv:2511.22707v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In web environments, user preferences are often refined progressively as users move from browsing broad categories to exploring specific item...
arXiv:2607. 10016v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used as backbone architectures for recommender systems because of their strong sequence modeling and representation learning capabilities.
arXiv:2607. 24865v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large-scale recommendation systems face "Memory Wall" bottlenecks due to massive, dense embedding tables.
arXiv:2512. 10388v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Conventional Sequential Recommender Systems (SRS) typically assign unique hash IDs (HID) to construct item embeddings, which mainly capture collaborative signals from historical user-item interactions.
arXiv:2607. 25209v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Generative recommendation commonly represents items using fixed-length semantic identifiers (SIDs) constructed through clustering and quantization.
The paper examines how new vocabulary tokens are added to language models for generative recommendation tasks. It shows that the common practice of initializing these tokens as the mean of existing embeddings collapses them into a degenerate subspace, hindering fine‑tuning. The authors propose Grounded Token Initialization (GTI), which places new tokens at semantically meaningful positions in the pretrained embedding space using linguistic supervision, and demonstrate that GTI outperforms mean initialization and other adaptation methods across several benchmarks.
arXiv:2605. 17779v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Generative recommendation reformulates recommendation as next-token prediction over discrete semantic identifiers (IDs).
arXiv:2608. 07816v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Recent advances in generative recommendation (GR) leverage large language models (LLMs) as recommender backbones, enabling LLMs to directly generate recommendations conditioned on item-interaction histories.
Universal multimodal embeddings are becoming a core component of modern AI systems, enabling heterogeneous content to be represented in a shared space for applications such as retrieval, recommendatio...
arXiv:2509. 25522v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Recent advancements in generative models have allowed the emergence of a promising paradigm for recommender systems (RS), known as Generative Recommendation (GR), which tries to unify rich item semantics and collaborative filtering signals.
arXiv:2607. 25216v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Semantic ID-based generative recommendation tokenizes each item into a sequence of discrete semantic IDs and predicts the next item by generating semantic IDs.