arXiv AI

Constitutional Black-Box Monitoring for Scheming in LLM Agents

arXiv:2603. 00829v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Safe deployment of Large Language Model (LLM) agents in autonomous settings requires reliable oversight mechanisms.

arXiv AI
Jun 8

TRACE: Trajectory Reasoning through Adaptive Cross-Step Evidence Aggregation for LLM Agents

arXiv:2606. 07054v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Autonomous LLM agents can pursue hidden malicious objectives through sequences of individually benign actions, making sabotage difficult to detect using standard trajectory-level monitoring.

By Vijitha Mittapalli, Shreyaa Jayant Dani, Satya Srujana Pilli, Snigdha Ansu, Mohammadreza Teymoorianfard, Franck Dernoncourt, Hongjie Chen, Yu Wang, Ryan A. Rossi, Nesreen K. Ahmed
arXiv AI
Aug 26

What Guides the Agent? Adjudicating Unauthorized Behavior via Localizing Behavior-Guiding Instructions

The paper introduces Attnlocate, a runtime framework that localizes behavior‑guiding instructions within the attention matrix of large language model agents. By treating this localization as an object detection task, Attnlocate uses a multi‑head, multi‑layer attention aggregation scheme and a 1‑D U‑Net to identify spans that influence tool‑calling decisions. The system then adjudicates potential malicious invocations based on the authority of the source, achieving high detection metrics across diverse LLM families and demonstrating transferability to unseen models.

By Yichao Gao, Yumo Zhang, Yunhao Yao, Haohua Du, Puhan Luo, Ruiqi Li, Zhiqiang Wang
arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 28

INTENT-AS-A-TOOL Makes it Easy to Track Agentic Misalignment

The paper introduces INTENT-AS-A-TOOL, a method that equips large language models with intent-targeted tools to provide a fine-grained, judge‑free signal of their commitment to specific behaviors during reasoning. By monitoring the probability of calling these intent tools, the authors can track how intent evolves throughout generation, complementing chain‑of‑thought monitoring and expanding post‑hoc labels into dense trajectories. The approach identifies critical steps for online intervention, demonstrating that action preferences are useful for detecting agentic misalignment in autonomous agents.

By Yutong Zhang, Jianshuo Dong, Peng Xu, Long Wang, Jie Zhang, Tianwei Zhang, Xiaoping Zhang, Han Qiu
arXiv AI
3d ago

Pretext: Defeating Malicious Skill Detection Frameworks for AI Agents

The paper titled "Pretext: Defeating Malicious Skill Detection Frameworks for AI Agents" demonstrates how an attacker can bypass current skill‑scanning defenses by crafting malicious skills that evade both static analysis and LLM‑based semantic checks. By moving malicious payloads into natural language and distributing instructions across files, the white‑box attacker named Pretext achieves high evasion rates—up to 97% against a frozen detector and 77% against a co‑adaptive one—across three open‑source models.

By Tobias Kaisar, Aritra Dhar
Hugging Face Trending Papers
Sep 3

KC-Bench: A Dynamic Interactive Benchmark for Evaluating Knowledge Conflicts in LLM Agents

KC-Bench is a dynamic interactive benchmark designed to evaluate how large language model agents reconcile user instructions, internal knowledge, and real‑time environmental observations. It consists of 238 manually curated multi‑turn tasks that test world‑knowledge conflicts, input inconsistencies, and multi‑source temporal conflicts, using a user simulator, stateful tools, deterministic environment assertions, an open‑source natural‑language evaluator, and human trajectory verification. Evaluation of nine models—including DeepSeek‑V4‑Flash, GLM‑5.2, and MiniMax‑M3—reveals significant cross‑domain variation, with no model reliably handling factual correction, identity consistency, and temporal conflict resolution across all settings, and shows that missed conflicts can propagate to tool calls or synthetic protected‑data flows.