arXiv AI

OmniPMNet: Bridging discrete and gridded PM10 forecasts via omni-query neural processes

arXiv:2607. 11896v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Forecasting particulate matter (PM10) requires both station-scale accuracy and continuous spatial fields, especially during severe dust storms.

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 30

CRPS-LAM: Probabilistic Regional Weather Forecasting with Continuous Ranked Probability Score

arXiv:2510. 09484v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Limited-Area Models (LAMs) enable weather forecasting over regional domains at higher resolutions than what is computationally feasible for global models.

By Erik Larsson, Joel Oskarsson, Tomas Landelius, Fredrik Lindsten

diffusion

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 25

Auto-Configured Explainable Graph Neural Networks for Multi-Site Pollution Prediction

arXiv:2606. 24978v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate particulate matter (PM) prediction is crucial for mitigating air pollution.

By Abdelkader Dairi, Fouzi Harrou, Ying Sun

arXiv AI

Jul 14

Exploratory Analysis of Deep Learning Models for Forecasting Meteorological Parameters in the Agricultural Sector

arXiv:2607. 10208v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Accurate meteorological forecasting is essential for agricultural planning, irrigation management, and environmental decision support.

By Piotr Sikora, Sotirios Kontogiannis

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 7

GlacierCastAI: Predicting Glacier Retreat from Multi-Modal Satellite Imagery and Climate Signals

arXiv:2607. 04117v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: ERA5 seasonal climate variables contain predictive information about future glacier retreat beyond what satellite imagery alone provides, yet existing deep learning methods focus on mapping current boundaries rather than forecasting future ones.

By Arunkumar Ramachandran

multimodal benchmarks

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 9

Observation-driven correction of numerical weather prediction for marine winds

arXiv:2512. 03606v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Accurate marine wind forecasts are essential for safe navigation, ship routing, and energy operations, yet they remain challenging because observations over the ocean are sparse, heterogeneous, and temporally variable.

By Matteo Peduto, Qidong Yang, Jonathan Giezendanner, Devis Tuia, Sherrie Wang

llms rag

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 16

Multi-Modal Spatio-Temporal Graph Neural Network with Mixture of Experts for Soil Organic Carbon Prediction

arXiv:2606. 16580v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Top-soil organic carbon (SOC) prediction is fundamental to agricultural sustainability, land use policy and fertilization planning.

By Daniele Mos, Felipe Drummond, Anton Bossenbroek, Soufiane el Khinifri

rag fine-tuning multimodal

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 21

Apeliotes: A Diffusion-Based Modeling Framework for km-scale Multi-Level Atmospheric Fields

arXiv:2607. 17037v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: High-resolution atmospheric data are required to resolve mesoscale and localized meteorological structures, however such datasets remain limited in many regions of the world.

By Evangelia Rafaela Frastali, Achyut Paudel, Maryam Golbazi, Frank Liu

diffusion

arXiv AI

Jun 18

A Hybrid LSTM--Vision Transformer Architecture for Predicting HRRR Forecast Errors

arXiv:2606. 19026v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Forecast errors in high-resolution numerical weather prediction (NWP) systems are often linked to unresolved planetary boundary layer (PBL) processes, convection, terrain-induced circulations, and other vertically structured atmospheric phenomena.

By David Aaron Evans, Jay C. Rothenberger, Kara J. Sulia, Nick P. Bassill, Chris D. Thorncroft

llms computer-vision safety

arXiv Machine Learning

6d ago

Earth observation embeddings are effective sub-grid descriptors for probabilistic weather downscaling

arXiv:2608. 12271v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Global weather reanalyses and forecasts resolve the evolving atmospheric state on coarse grids, but site-specific applications require predictions at arbitrary locations where near-surface conditions also depend on unresolved terrain and land-surface properties.

By Pedro Sousa (Department of Computer Science, University of Cambridge), Will Tebbutt (Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge), Sadiq Jaffer (Department of Computer Science, University of Cambridge), Robin Young (Department of Computer Science, University of Cambridge), Anil Madhavapeddy (Department of Computer Science, University of Cambridge), Richard E. Turner (Department of Engineering, University of Cambridge)

rag

arXiv Machine Learning

Jul 24

Toward Mechanistic Interpretability of an AI Foundation Model Fine-Tuned for Atmospheric Chemistry

arXiv:2607. 20778v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Weather forecasting foundation models (FMs) are increasingly fine-tuned to predict air quality, offering fast global pollution forecasts at lower computational cost than conventional chemical transport models.

By Jason Y. Hu, Ivan Higuera-Mendieta, Patrick Obin Sturm, Makoto M. Kelp

fine-tuning benchmarks safety

arXiv Machine Learning

Jun 19

Enhancing Graph Neural Networks Using Proximity Graphs for Dust Source Emission Forecasting

arXiv:2606. 19825v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Accurate prediction of dust source emissions is critical for mitigating the significant environmental and health hazards posed by dust storms.

By Maryam Sanisales, Zahed Rahmati, Ali Darvishi Boloorani, Ali Vefghi

arXiv AI

Jul 29

Long-Term PM2.5 Forecasting Using a DTW-Enhanced CNN-GRU Model

arXiv:2510. 22863v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Reliable long-term forecasting of PM2.

By Amirali Ataee Naeini, Arshia Ataee Naeini, Fatemeh Karami Mohammadi, Omid Ghaffarpasand

llms benchmarks

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