arXiv Machine Learning

Escaping Model Collapse via Synthetic Data Verification: Near-term Improvements and Long-term Convergence

arXiv:2510. 16657v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Synthetic data has been increasingly used to train frontier generative models.

arXiv AI
Sep 10

Generating Pretraining Tokens from Organic Data for Data-Bound Scaling

The paper introduces SynPro, a synthetic data generation framework that augments limited organic text for large language model pretraining by applying rephrasing and reformatting operations. SynPro’s generators are optimized with reinforcement learning rewards for quality, faithfulness, and data influence, and are updated continuously as training plateaus. Experiments on 400M, 1.1B, and 2B models show that SynPro can unlock 3.4–5.2× the effective tokens of standard repetition, even outperforming a non‑data‑bound oracle at larger scales.

By Zichun Yu, Chenyan Xiong
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 15

Inference-Time Machine Unlearning via Gated Activation Redirection

arXiv:2605. 12765v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Large Language Models memorize vast amounts of training data, raising concerns regarding privacy, copyright infringement, and safety.

By Vin\'icius Conte Turani, Ot\'avio Parraga, Jo\~ao Vitor Boer Abitante, Kristen K. Arguello, Joana Pasquali, Ramiro N. Barros, Flavio du Pin Calmon, Christian Mattjie, Rodrigo C. Barros, Lucas S. Kupssinsk\"u
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 17

Preventing Model Collapse: A Fisher-Rao Perspective on the Dynamics of Training with Synthetic Data

The paper investigates how to avoid model collapse when training large language models with synthetic data. It establishes theoretical guarantees for the minimum ratio of human to synthetic data needed to maintain training stability, using the Fisher‑Rao metric to analyze dynamics on the probability simplex. The authors derive contraction and invariance bounds that remain meaningful even in high dimensions, showing that the required data ratio differs from earlier estimates.

By Matteo Marchi, Jo\~ao Pedro Silvestre, Bahman Gharesifard, Paulo Tabuada