The paper introduces a black‑box, inference‑time diagnostic for low‑resource Automatic Post‑Editing (APE) that distinguishes whether poor performance is due to insufficient training data or inconsistent training signals. By varying an edit‑distance penalty and analyzing the resulting TER‑vs‑λ curve and confidence‑based constraint ordering, the authors identify two failure modes—Binary Collapse and Confident Miscalibration—across multiple language pairs. The diagnostic also suggests practical next steps, such as applying a static constraint for immediate accuracy gains, and the authors release new English‑Sinhala and English‑Tamil APE datasets with accompanying code.
By Isuru Wijesiri, Nisansa de Silva, Kavindu Warnakulasuriya, Aloka Fernando, Surangika Ranathunga
arXiv:2609.18720v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Learned quality estimation (QE) models such as COMETKiwi are widespread and work well for general machine translation evaluation. However, they are kno...
By Kathy H\"ammerl, Gabriel Bretschner, Joern Wuebker
Fine‑tuning large language models on parallel data can improve translation quality but also causes catastrophic forgetting of general capabilities. The study evaluates several forgetting‑mitigation methods—anchored to auxiliary data, model outputs, and base model parameters—using Llama 3.2 1B Instruct and Llama 3.1 8B Instruct on Arabic‑English and Spanish‑English translation tasks. Elastic Weight Consolidation best preserves general benchmark performance, yet only data mixing with control‑task examples maintains instruction‑following abilities such as formality and grammatical gender control, though these gains do not generalize to unseen prompts.
By Niklas Scholz, David Thulke, Abdallah Nasir, Will Allred, Evgeny Matusov, Hermann Ney
Indic quality estimation (QE) and automatic post-editing (APE) data is spread across separate releases, so no single resource supports training and evaluation across tasks and language pairs on one footing. We consolidate the WMT 2020--2024 shared-task lineage with an extended English--Malayalam resource into \indicqe: $126{,}754$ instances over nine directional pairs, with up to four label types aligned on the same segment, a direct assessment, a human post-edit, word-level OK/BAD tags and an error explanation, and a test set stratified over four difficulty axes.
arXiv:2407. 00740v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As large language models (LLMs) are widely adopted in real-world applications, it has become critical to ensure LLMs satisfy safety constraints, such as non-toxicity and logical consistency, as well as task- and situation-specific constraints.
By Hye Ryung Son, Saehee Eom, Mooho Song, Jay-Yoon Lee
arXiv:2609.22793v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: LLM-based machine translation evaluation can closely match human judgments, but in practice it remains largely diagnostic, with the signals rarely tran...
By Ji Hun Wang, Siyu Wu
arXiv:2608. 03803v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multilingual language models are deployed across a hundred or more languages, yet most benchmarks test whether a model can perform a task _in_ a language rather than whether it commands the language itself, conflating fluency with proficiency.
By Tom\'a\v{s} Burkert, Angelika Peljak-{\L}api\'nska, David Zelen\'y
IndicQE-APE is a consolidated benchmark that unifies quality estimation (QE) and automatic post‑editing (APE) data for nine Indic language pairs, comprising 126,754 instances with multiple aligned labels such as direct assessment, human post‑edit, word‑level OK/BAD tags, and error explanations. The dataset includes a stratified test set across four difficulty axes and supports training and evaluation of six prompted large language models, three COMET metrics, and three APE systems. Experiments reveal that segments with conflicting holistic and token‑level quality signals are consistently ranked lower, while annotator disagreement shows no effect when controlled for score distribution.
whyItMatters":"The benchmark provides a unified resource for training and evaluating QE and APE across Indic languages, enabling consistent comparison of models and metrics on a shared dataset."
By Diptesh Kanojia, Archchana Sindhujan, Sourabh Deoghare, Daria Sokova, Shenbin Qian, Girish Koushik, Tharindu Ranasinghe, Constantin Or\u{a}san, Chrysoula Zerva, Ricardo Rei, Fr\'ed\'eric Blain, Andr\'e F. T. Martins, Marco Turchi, Matteo Negri, Anoop Kunchukuttan, Mitesh M. Khapra, Pushpak Bhattacharyya
arXiv:2608.16344v3 Announce Type: replace
Abstract: Indic quality estimation (QE) and automatic post-editing (APE) data is spread across separate releases, so no single resource supports training and...
By Diptesh Kanojia, Archchana Sindhujan, Sourabh Deoghare, Daria Sokova, Shenbin Qian, Girish Koushik, Tharindu Ranasinghe, Constantin Or\u{a}san, Chrysoula Zerva, Ricardo Rei, Fr\'ed\'eric Blain, Andr\'e F. T. Martins, Marco Turchi, Matteo Negri, Anoop Kunchukuttan, Mitesh M. Khapra, Pushpak Bhattacharyya
arXiv:2608. 07629v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multilingual neural machine translation models such as NLLB-200 cover 200 languages but leave thousands unsupported, including most Grassfields Bantu languages of Cameroon.
By Samiratu Ntohsi, Neza David Tuyishimire, Anesu Kafesu, Marvin Ogore, Samuel Oluwajunwonlo Babalola, Oche Ankeli
The paper investigates weight‑space merging of independently fine‑tuned multilingual machine translation models. Experiments show that merging is more successful when models share a target language, yet it still cannot match the peak performance of language‑specific checkpoints. When target languages differ, performance drops sharply, and analysis reveals that overlapping neuron activation and incompatible upper‑layer geometries cause these failures.
By Baban Gain, Trilok Nath Singh, Asif Ekbal
The paper introduces a training strategy for cascaded simultaneous speech translation that allows the system to dynamically decide how much of the source prefix to translate. By fine‑tuning a large language model (Qwen3‑8B) on stable prefixes—pairs of source prefixes and the longest shared translation with the full sentence—the authors enable contextual read‑write decisions beyond fixed wait‑k or target‑suffix deletion. Experiments on English‑to‑German, Japanese, and Chinese demonstrate that stable prefixes improve the quality‑latency tradeoff across various test sets.
By Hieu Hoang, Amittai Axelrod, Matt Post