The paper introduces RS-OPSD, a reliable privileged on-policy self-distillation framework designed for ultra‑high‑resolution remote sensing visual question answering. It leverages a new dataset, GeoEvidence‑6K, and a human‑feedback guided skill refinement process to provide explicit question‑relevant evidence. By incorporating context‑preserving visual privilege and correctness‑aligned distillation, RS‑OPSD achieves state‑of‑the‑art performance on several benchmarks without requiring additional visual search or tool calls at inference time.
By Chengjie Jiang, Yunqi Zhou, Jiafeng Yan, Sihang Zhao, Chun Yuan, Jing Li
The paper introduces VPRef, the first cross‑domain benchmark for Referring Remote Sensing Image Segmentation, containing 46,972 language‑image‑annotation triplets with a three‑tier linguistic hierarchy. It proposes a parameter‑efficient adaptation method based on the Segment Anything Model and Low‑Rank Adaptation, using pseudo‑label self‑training for visual drift and random multi‑granularity prompt mixing for textual drift. Experiments show the approach improves cross‑domain segmentation while altering only 1.08 % of the base model’s parameters, offering a strong baseline for future research.
By Quanwei Liu, Tao Huang, Jiaqi Yang, Wei Xiang
AerialDojo-200K is a large-scale benchmark suite for open-world aerial object-goal search, featuring 42 simulation scenes across four families and 21 types, including urban, natural, infrastructure, and disaster environments. The dataset contains 205,732 task instances—over 100K semantic-goal and over 100K image-goal tasks—each with a collision-free reference trajectory and multi-view video recordings. A unified evaluation framework splits scenes into 21 in-distribution and 21 out-of-distribution sets, and preliminary tests on multimodal large language models show significant room for improvement in general-purpose aerial agents.
By Tongtong Feng, Xin Wang, Haoran Hou, Ren Wang, Weiran Wang, Shaokai Zhu, Ziqi Jia, Hao Wang, Yu-Wei Zhan, Zongyuan Wu, Jinghao Cui, Wenwu Zhu
arXiv:2606. 10819v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: RS-MLLMs enable natural-language understanding and spatial reasoning over earth observation imagery.
By Miaoxin Cai, Guanqun Wang, Wei Zhang, Guangyao Zhou, Yin Zhuang, Tong Zhang, Hao Wang, He Chen, Jun Li
DeCo introduces an efficient decouple-to-couple learning framework for multi-task visual grounding, addressing conflicts between localization and segmentation tasks. It first applies Task-aware Semantic Decoupling (TSD) to separate shared visual cues into task-specific features guided by salient words, then uses Hybrid Prior Coupling (HPC) to merge sentence-level semantic priors with mask-derived spatial priors for improved grounding. Experiments across multiple natural and remote sensing datasets show that DeCo achieves state‑of‑the‑art performance while requiring only lightweight trainable parameters on a frozen multimodal encoder.
By Xiaoqiang Lu, Licheng Jiao, Long Sun, Yuting Yang, Xu Liu, Lingling Li, Wenping Ma, Fang Liu
Rapid advancements in vision-language models have propelled Referring Remote Sensing Image Segmentation (RRSIS) to the forefront of Earth observation. However, practical deployments suffer severe perf...
The paper introduces RSMEB, a unified benchmark for remote‑sensing multimodal retrieval that evaluates both cross‑modal and interleaved retrieval across 21 tasks under a single ranking protocol. It also presents VLM2GeoVec, an instruction‑conditioned single‑encoder model that embeds image, text, bounding‑box, and geo‑coordinate tokens into one sequence and achieves state‑of‑the‑art performance on region‑caption, referring‑expression, and semantic geo‑aware retrieval while remaining competitive on conventional tasks. The authors provide code, checkpoints, and data on GitHub to facilitate reproducibility.
By Emanuel S\'anchez Aimar, Gulnaz Zhambulova, Fahad Shahbaz Khan, Yonghao Xu, Michael Felsberg
arXiv:2608. 15647v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Semantic segmentation of very-high-resolution (VHR) remote sensing imagery increasingly benefits from strong pretrained hierarchical encoders, yet exploiting their multi-stage representations remains difficult.
By Shuaishuai Cao, Meng Tang, Shuwei Peng, Xuan Liu, Min Huang, Jie Chen, Jiacheng Niu, Yong Chen, Edore Akpokodje, Hui Lin
arXiv:2606. 27876v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Spatial intelligence is essential for low-altitude unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) perception, collaboration, and navigation.
By Haoyu Zhang, Meng Liu, Qianlong Xiang, Kun Wang, Yaowei Wang, Liqiang Nie
arXiv:2608. 07088v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Multimodal large language models (MLLMs) encode images as long visual token sequences, making prefilling and KV-cache storage expensive.
By Qiyanhui Lu, Han Wu, Rongjian Xu, Tingzhang Luo, Cheng Fan, Xinghao Chen, Minjing Dong, Jufeng Yang, Jianyuan Guo
The paper introduces AeroBelief, a dual‑layer semantic‑spatial belief mapping framework for aerial object goal navigation. It separates broad contextual plausibility (intuition layer) from target‑specific evidence (evidence layer) and fuses them into persistent spatial belief hotspots. The method also employs object‑conditioned visual reasoning and egocentric regional guidance, achieving state‑of‑the‑art success rates on the UAV‑ON benchmark.
By Jianqiang Xiao, Xiang Deng, Yuexuan Sun, Yanjin Wu, Wenbiao Yan, Liqiang Nie
arXiv:2609.37481v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large-scale pervasive sensing increasingly relies on high-resolution satellite imagery, yet task-specific onboard vision is constrained by costly annot...
By Ahmed Abdelnaby, Mohamed Elmahallawy, Marius Bernahrndt, Tobias Hecking