arXiv AI

A Comprehensive Survey of Medical Image Segmentation: Challenges, Benchmarks, and Beyond

arXiv:2606. 16153v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Medical image segmentation plays a critical role in clinical diagnostics, treatment planning, disease monitoring, and neurological disorder identification.

arXiv AI
Jun 3

Efficient Transformer-Based Localized Patch Sampling for Choroid Plexus Segmentation in Multiple Sclerosis

arXiv:2606. 03566v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Background: The lateral ventricle choroid plexus (LVCP) is gaining recognition as a key imaging biomarker for multiple sclerosis (MS) related to physical disability and neuroinflammation.

By Po-Jui Lu, Alessandro Cagol, Mario Ocampo-Pineda, Federico Spagnolo, Marina Mastantuono, Andreea-Alexandra Aldea, Jannis M\"uller, \"Ozg\"ur Yaldizli, Matthias Weigel, Lester Melie-Garcia, Roberta Magliozzi, Maria Pia Sormani, Ludwig Kappos, Jens Kuhle, Cristina Granziera
arXiv AI
Jun 9

Robust Renal Mass Segmentation on CT: A Validation Study of an AI-Based Framework

arXiv:2505. 07573v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Renal mass segmentation has important potential to enhance the clinical workflow, especially in settings requiring quantitative assessments.

By Sarah de Boer, Hartmut H\"antze, Kiran Vaidhya Venkadesh, Myrthe A. D. Buser, Gabriel E. Humpire Mamani, Lina Xu, Lisa C. Adams, Jawed Nawabi, Keno K. Bressem, Bram van Ginneken, Mathias Prokop, Alessa Hering
arXiv Machine Learning
Jun 16

Lesion-DDPM: Lesion-Enhanced 3D Diffusion for MS MRI Synthesis

arXiv:2606. 15457v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: 3D FLAIR MRI is widely recommended as one of the standard MRI sequences for brain imaging in multiple sclerosis (MS), but publicly available MS datasets remain relatively small and vary across scanners, acquisition protocols, and lesion patterns.

By Weidong Zhang, Yongchan Jung, Shafayat Mowla Anik, Furen Xiao, Vasudevan Janarthanan, Enkhzaya Chuluunbaatar, Byeong Kil Lee, Jeeho Ryoo
arXiv AI
Jun 16

Federated Medical Image Segmentation under Real-World Label Noise: A Benchmark Suite for Noisy Label Learning Method Selection

arXiv:2606. 16868v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: While federated learning (FL) enables collaborative medical image segmentation without centralizing sensitive data, real-world deployment is frequently complicated by cross-site label imperfections such as contour disagreement, missing or additional structures, and confused labels.

By Markus Bujotzek, Dimitrios Bounias, Stefan Denner, Ralf Floca, Maximilian Fischer, Peter Neher, Klaus Maier-Hein
arXiv AI
Jul 7

EPRA U-Net: An Efficient Pyramid Residual Attention Framework for Accurate Infarct Segmentation in Diffusion-Weighted MRI

arXiv:2607. 03568v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Objective: Accurate identification of acute ischemic infarcts on diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is a critical prerequisite for reliable lesion quantification and effective clinical decision support in the management of cerebrovascular events.

By Hasan Ulutas, Muhammet Emin Sahin, Mustafa Fatih Erkoc, Esra Yuce, Turker Tuncer, Sengul Dogan, Serkan Kiranyaz
Hugging Face Trending Papers
Jul 20

SAMRI-3D: Adapting SAM2 for 3D MRI Segmentation with Global Volume Tokens

Foundation models such as Segment Anything Model 2 (SAM2) have transformed natural-image and video segmentation, and recent work has begun adapting them to medical imaging. These adaptations, however, are largely general-purpose models that treat MRI as one modality among many; large-scale, MRI-specific modelling and benchmarking remain limited, even though MRI's low soft-tissue contrast leaves many boundaries effectively invisible on individual slices.