arXiv Machine Learning

Mind2Dialogue: Training Human-Aware Language Models by Simulating User Mental States

arXiv Computation and Language
Aug 24

ZenGen: Social Mind for LLMs

ZenGen is a comprehensive framework designed to develop socially intelligent large language models (LLMs). It introduces SoMBench, a psychology‑grounded benchmark with 3 primary and 17 secondary dimensions, and shows that current LLMs perform poorly on social cognition tasks. ZenGen combines supervised fine‑tuning, on‑policy distillation, and rubric‑based reinforcement learning to improve internalization, while Actio provides deployment‑time grounding with typed supports such as PRISM, Starling, SAGE, and gated RAG, yielding significant performance gains across benchmarks.

By ZenGen Team, Ao Xiang, Bi Jingping, Chen Jiahui, Chen Lehan, Chen Yilin, Cheng Xueqi, Fan Yixing, Gan Kairong, Gao Haowen, Gao Jinhua, Gao Shuxuan, Gong Chang, Guo Jiafeng, Guo Ruijie, Han Zhouyu, He Guangfu, He Yichun, Jiang Shuo, Jing Shaoling, Jing Ya, Lei Chenhao, Lei Yan, Li Anqi, Li Chengao, Li Haoyu, Li Shitian, Liang Xinjian, Liu Zhaoge, Lyu Xingyu, Nie Zhuwei, Pang Liang, Quan Zeping, Shan Shiguang, Shen Huawei, Tang Xinran, Tian Feng, Wang Qian, Wang Ruiping, Wang Xiaohong, Xia Zaiyu, Xiao Yi, Xu Jiayuan, Xu Kehan, Xu Qianqian, Xu Tianyu, Xu Yongjun, Yang Haoming, Yang Jun, Yao Di, Yu Xiaoming, Zhang Futong, Zhang Jie, Zhang Shixuan, Zhang Yuxuan, Zhao Xinyu, Zhao Zhuoran, Zhong Yunfei, Zhu Shengyu
arXiv AI
Aug 19

KnowSim: Evaluating Information Calibration in LLM Assistants with User Simulators that Learn

KnowSim introduces an evaluation framework that uses a user simulator with explicit knowledge states to assess how well large language models calibrate information to users. The simulator represents knowledge as a graph of Information Units with prerequisite relationships and updates these states based on learning theory. KnowSim computes Knowledge Gain, Delivery Calibration, and Cognitive Overload metrics, and its rankings align with human judgments, outperforming baseline simulators and revealing model performance differences across user knowledge levels.

By Yoonjoo Lee, Hyoungwook Jin, Tae Soo Kim, Shaoyang Zhang, Philippe Laban, Q. Vera Liao
arXiv AI
Jun 18

Improve Large Language Model Systems with User Logs

arXiv:2602. 06470v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Scaling training data and model parameters has long driven progress in large language models (LLMs), but this paradigm is increasingly constrained by the scarcity of high-quality data and diminishing returns from rising computational costs.

By Changyue Wang, Weihang Su, Qingyao Ai, Xingzhao Yue, Rui Zhang, Xiaojia Chang, Yiqun Liu
arXiv AI
Aug 18

QUMem: Personalized Memory for Query-Conditioned User-State Inference in LLM Agents

arXiv:2608. 16168v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language model (LLM) agents increasingly use external memory systems to support personalization by drawing on long and evolving interaction histories, in which user preferences may be distributed across time, change with context, and conflict with earlier evidence.

By Heng Wang, Yifei Li, Lingling Zhang, Pengyu Li, Xinyu Che, Xinyu Zhang, Zesheng Yang
arXiv AI
Aug 17

The Metacognitive Bottleneck: Japanese Riddles Reveal Fundamental Limits of Machine Insight and Self-Evaluation in Reasoning AI

arXiv:2509. 14704v3 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Benchmark saturation and training-data contamination increasingly obscure whether reported gains in large language models (LLMs) reflect genuine advances in reasoning or familiarity with recurring patterns in benchmark problems.

By Masaharu Mizumoto, Dat Nguyen, Zhiheng Han, Xingfu Li, Yo Nakawake, Le Minh Nguyen
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 27

Learning to summarize user information for personalized reinforcement learning from human feedback

The paper introduces PLUS, a framework that uses reinforcement learning to generate text-based summaries of individual users’ preferences, characteristics, and past conversations. These summaries condition a reward model, allowing it to predict personalized response preferences and improving reward accuracy by 11–77 % over the standard Bradley‑Terry model. PLUS demonstrates robust performance with new users and topics, achieves a 25 % improvement over existing personalized RLHF techniques, and enables zero‑shot personalization for state‑of‑the‑art models like GPT‑4.

By Hyunji Nam, Yanming Wan, Mickel Liu, Peter Ahnn, Jianxun Lian, Natasha Jaques
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 7

STATe-of-Thoughts: Structured Action Templates for Tree-of-Thoughts

arXiv:2602. 14265v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Inference-Time-Compute (ITC) methods like Best-of-$n$ and Tree-of-Thoughts are meant to produce output candidates that are both high-quality and diverse, but their use of high-temperature sampling often fails to achieve meaningful output diversity.

By Zachary Bamberger, Till R. Saenger, Gilad Morad, Ofra Amir, Brandon M. Stewart, Amir Feder