The paper introduces a lightweight screening tool that evaluates individual patient vulnerability to membership inference attacks across thousands of medical AI models. By measuring attack scores for each patient, the authors found that certain records consistently rank high in risk regardless of training settings, and that stronger weight decay can reduce overall exposure but not the identity of the most at‑risk patients. The tool uses four small models to flag high‑risk patients before a production model is trained, aiming to integrate privacy assessment into clinical AI data preparation.
arXiv:2608. 07705v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Clinical foundation models trained on large-scale patient data are increasingly used for decision support, screening, and public health.
arXiv:2609.17223v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Medical AI models hold immense potential to improve patient outcomes, but they are also known to unintentionally memorise individual records from their...
The paper demonstrates that publicly available clinical machine learning models, such as logistic regression (LR), pose significant privacy risks because attackers can recover model parameters and identify training cohorts through various membership inference attacks. The authors show that even small cohorts can be reliably identified and that common practices like cross-validation can worsen the risk. To mitigate this, they propose a quantum-inspired defense that tensorizes discretized models into tensor trains (TTs), which obfuscates parameters, preserves accuracy, and maintains interpretability while providing black‑box protection comparable to Differential Privacy.
arXiv:2606. 18518v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The development of medical AI is constrained by limited access to high-quality clinical data due to institutional silos and strict privacy regulations such as HIPAA and GDPR.
arXiv:2406. 11868v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: The emergence of foundational models represents a paradigm shift in medical imaging, offering extraordinary capabilities in disease detection, diagnosis, and treatment planning.
Aegis is a client‑side defense for medical federated learning that protects against model inversion attacks by adding a masking gradient derived from locally synthesized data. The method exploits the fact that attacks fail when the effective batch size exceeds the model’s leakage capacity, turning this bottleneck into a privacy guarantee. Experiments on MNIST, CIFAR‑10, and MedMNIST datasets show that Aegis neutralizes state‑of‑the‑art attacks while preserving model accuracy and adding only modest overhead.
Efficient Provably Private Classification with a Tabular Foundation Model introduces PrivTab, a tabular foundation model that embeds differential privacy directly into its architecture. Pretrained on simulated datasets, PrivTab uses in-context learning to convert sensitive rows into compact, provably private summaries, enabling a single forward pass for classification. The model outperforms private linear and neural‑network baselines under moderate-to-strong privacy, shows negligible membership leakage, maintains well‑calibrated predictions, and reduces dataset fitting time by 10,000×.
Privacy-sensitive and distributed characteristics of multi-center medical data bring severe obstacles to centralized modeling for accurate early prediction of sepsis. Federated learning (FL) has attracted growing attention as a promising framework for collaborative model development, as it allows multiple institutions to jointly train predictive models without directly sharing or centralizing raw data.
arXiv:2508. 10017v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Federated Learning (FL) presents a groundbreaking approach for collaborative health research, allowing model training on decentralized data while safeguarding patient privacy.
arXiv:2603. 10937v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: The use of synthetic data has become increasingly popular as a privacy-preserving alternative to sharing real datasets, especially in sensitive domains such as healthcare, finance, and demography.
The paper compares data-level and training-level methods for balancing language model capability and privacy leakage on synthetic medical records with embedded canaries. Direct finetuning achieves the highest capability but leaks the most private information, while DP‑SGD reduces leakage at a significant cost to performance. Generating privacy‑aware synthetic data—especially with uniqueness‑aware rewriting—offers a better trade‑off, and more capable rewriting models tend to lower downstream privacy risks, though gains are inconsistent with increased compute.
arXiv:2601. 19618v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Differential privacy protects the patients whose images train medical imaging models, but it lowers diagnostic accuracy, and the initialization is the strongest known remedy.