ECGWmark is a fully convolutional, quantization‑free deep watermarking framework designed for electrocardiogram (ECG) signals. It embeds patient metadata into ECGs while preserving high‑frequency diagnostic details by operating in a continuous latent space and using a localized frame‑level mechanism to resist severe temporal desynchronization. A differentiable Physiological Loss guided by a clinical classifier helps maintain diagnostic semantics, achieving over 90% channel‑bit extraction accuracy under circular phase shifts and demonstrating mixed effects on class‑level diagnostic metrics in the MIT‑BIH benchmark.
By Kuan-Yu Chen, Kuan-Chen Wang, Yu Tsao, Jian-Jiun Ding
arXiv:2607. 09680v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Continuous cardiac monitoring in wearable devices demands classifiers that are simultaneously accurate, energy-efficient, and deployable on resource-constrained hardware.
By Anh Tran, Khanh Tran, Cuong Do
arXiv:2607. 23412v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Electrocardiograms (ECGs) are widely used for cardiovascular risk prediction, yet models often fail to transfer across hospitals because of protocol, population, and measurement differences.
By Jie Lin, Weijie Sun, Sunil V. Kalmady, Anita Khalafbeigi, Abram Hindle, Padma Kaul, Russell Greiner
arXiv:2606. 02256v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Our work presents a method for ECG segmentation and arrhythmia detection using Tiny Machine Learning (TinyML) models for real-time, on-device inference on resource-constrained embedded systems.
By Nagarajan S, Kurian Polachan
Electrocardiography (ECG) contains subject-specific morphology that supports biometric recognition, yet image-based performance depends on how the waveform is rendered. We introduce representative-mor...
The paper introduces representative‑morphology heatmaps, a deterministic ECG‑to‑image representation that averages the five beats closest to the block mean within each ten‑beat block, producing either a conventional trace or a dense cardiac‑time‑by‑lead heatmap. Experiments on PTB, ECG‑ID, and MIMIC‑IV‑ECG‑DEMO show that heatmaps consistently improve verification and identification performance across 15 compact models, reducing EER by an average of 9.59 percentage points and increasing Rank‑1 by 24.69 points. The study also demonstrates that ImageNet initialization benefits multilead datasets, that performance does not scale monotonically with model size, and that useful channel combinations vary by cohort and biometric task.
By Athanasios Angelakis, Marta Gomez-Barrero
arXiv:2607. 27404v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Existing benchmarks for electrocardiogram foundation models primarily evaluate downstream predictive performance, providing limited insight into whether their internal representations can be faithfully decomposed, clinically interpreted, or reproduced across independent analyses.
By Yixuan Duan, Wei Qiu
Continuous cardiac monitoring outside clinical settings requires signals that are both informative and practical to collect during daily life. Electrocardiography (ECG) provides rich information about...
The paper introduces R‑U‑Net, an ECG delineation model that combines a ResNet‑18 encoder with a U‑Net decoder. It demonstrates that this decoder design outperforms a ResNet‑18 + fully convolutional network baseline across 16 in‑domain settings and improves cross‑domain performance by 8.1 mIoU. Ablation studies reveal that the decoder contributes more to performance gains than the evaluated semi‑supervised learning methods.
By Joseph Scharpf, William Han, Chaojing Duan, Michael A. Rosenberg, Emerson Liu, Ding Zhao
arXiv:2608. 12695v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Self-supervised electrocardiogram (ECG) models are often trained on a few seconds of ECG signal and, increasingly, on discretized token sequences.
By Ahmed Sameh, Ramzi Al-Sharawi, Yogatheesan Varatharajah
arXiv:2608. 03597v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with increased risks of stroke, heart failure, and mortality.
By Amirhossein Taleshinosrati, Yangyang Wang, Atitaya Phoemsuk, Vahid Abolghasemi, Naser Hossein Motlagh, Sadasivan Puthusserypady, Daniel Teichmann, Abdolrahman Peimankar
BeatFlow-ECG is a conditional rectified‑flow model that reconstructs single‑channel ECG signals from synchronized photoplethysmography (PPG) and inertial measurement unit (IMU) data. The architecture uses a convolutional encoder‑decoder with a transformer bottleneck and explicit flow‑time conditioning, incorporating motion information through IMU‑derived features, motion‑dependent loss weighting, and a curriculum learning strategy. Evaluated on PPG‑DaLiA and WESAD datasets with leave‑one‑subject‑out protocols, BeatFlow‑ECG outperforms deterministic, adversarial, and diffusion‑based baselines, achieving Pearson correlations of 0.983–0.986 and R‑peak F1 scores of 0.946–0.955, while reducing L1 error compared to Conditional DDPM‑1D.
By Mohamed Kamel, Sahar Selim, Walaa Medhat, Tamer Nadeem