arXiv:2607. 26491v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The energy consumption of Large Language Model (LLM) serving is becoming a major system challenge as deployment scales, driven by hardware power and thermal constraints and rising electricity costs.
arXiv:2604. 26968v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Key-value (KV) cache memory management is the primary bottleneck limiting throughput and cost-efficiency in large-scale GPU inference serving.
The paper introduces LM‑CXD, a CXL‑SSD design tailored for large language model (LLM) prefix caching. By aligning KV chunk management between the serving engine and the storage device, exposing NAND-to‑DRAM progress, and using device DRAM as a GPU‑accessible buffer, LM‑CXD reduces time‑to‑first‑token (TTFT) by up to 4× compared to a stock CXL‑SSD and brings performance within 1.5× of local DRAM across five LLM models. The approach also incorporates windowed prefetching and layer‑wise KV movement to hide NAND latency under limited device DRAM.
arXiv:2609.01338v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: On-device mobile Large Language Model (LLM) inference is gaining significant attention. However, mobile devices operate in highly dynamic multitaskin...
arXiv:2606. 06302v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Multi-turn Large Language Model (LLM) serving is critical for consistent user experiences, yet the linear growth of the Key-Value (KV) cache imposes significant pressure on GPU memory and bandwidth.
arXiv:2603. 16428v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Fine-tuning Large Language Models (LLMs) has become essential for domain adaptation, but its memory-intensive property exceeds the capabilities of most GPUs.
The paper argues that for large‑context autoregressive language‑model inference, memory bandwidth—specifically the Key‑Value (KV) cache—becomes the limiting resource rather than arithmetic throughput. It analytically derives how arithmetic intensity decays with context length for NVIDIA H100, NVIDIA B200, and AMD MI300X, identifies crossover points where KV traffic overtakes weight traffic, and evaluates representative techniques across five compression domains. The study finds a three‑regime behavior: below the crossover, weight traffic dominates and KV compression offers little benefit; beyond it, KV traffic dominates and compression methods trade quality for bandwidth, with paging and prefix sharing being lossless but capacity‑limited, while quantization and eviction directly reduce bandwidth at the cost of accuracy. whyItMatters":"The work provides a unified analytical framework and a standardized protocol that enable consistent comparison of KV‑compression techniques across hardware and workloads, guiding practitioners in selecting appropriate methods for long‑context inference."
arXiv:2609.13592v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: GPU memory bandwidth and capacity limit throughput in large language model (LLM) inference. The GPU memory system consists of a primary tier of high-...
Flash-dLLM is a training‑free inference acceleration framework that improves the speed and memory efficiency of Diffusion Large Language Models (dLLMs). It tackles GPU memory I/O bottlenecks by introducing an I/O‑aware fused KV‑cache kernel and then employs a draft‑and‑verify decoding strategy that uses the dLLM itself as both drafter and verifier. Experiments on mathematical reasoning and code‑generation tasks show Flash‑dLLM outperforms existing acceleration methods, achieving up to 11.0× speedups over the Elastic‑Cache baseline.
Multi-turn Large Language Model (LLM) serving is critical for consistent user experiences, yet the linear growth of the Key-Value (KV) cache imposes significant pressure on GPU memory and bandwidth. Non-uniform KV compression effectively preserves more information by considering the individual importance of each KV cache.
arXiv:2606. 24506v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Emerging LLM services increasingly host many sparse MoE models, yet most models receive sparse requests and remain cold.
The paper reports a reproducible GPU power benchmark for 18 open‑source LLMs (0.5B–7B parameters) run on a single consumer RTX 4060ti GPU using the Ollama inference engine. Energy metrics such as mean/peak power, total energy per prompt, energy per output token, and throughput were measured, revealing that model architecture and quantization strategy, rather than parameter count alone, drive energy efficiency. The most efficient models were qwen2.5:0.5b and tinyllama:1.1b, while the 7B‑Mistral model consumed up to 8.6× more energy per token, and qwen3.5:0.8b(on) showed unusually high per‑prompt energy due to extended internal reasoning.
arXiv:2609.21172v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are moving onto mobile devices for increasingly diverse workloads over text, images, video, and audio. These applications...