arXiv Machine Learning
6d ago

DualPace: Decoupled Scheduling and Cooperative GPU--CPU Decoding for LLM Serving

DualPace is an LLM serving runtime that decouples scheduling between a GPU engine and an AMX‑enabled CPU engine, allowing the CPU to independently batch and advance decodes while still cooperating with the GPU for dense stages. This design expands key‑value cache capacity into host memory and reduces bursty CPU progress, leading to significant throughput gains—up to 43.2 % over NEO and 90.6 % over vLLM—without increasing latency. The system also maintains low time‑to‑first‑token and supports higher request rates at comparable tail latency.

By YuXuan Lin, KeQiang Wu, Kingsum Chow
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 29

The KV Cache Is the New Memory Wall

The paper argues that for large‑context autoregressive language‑model inference, memory bandwidth—specifically the Key‑Value (KV) cache—becomes the limiting resource rather than arithmetic throughput. It analytically derives how arithmetic intensity decays with context length for NVIDIA H100, NVIDIA B200, and AMD MI300X, identifies crossover points where KV traffic overtakes weight traffic, and evaluates representative techniques across five compression domains. The study finds a three‑regime behavior: below the crossover, weight traffic dominates and KV compression offers little benefit; beyond it, KV traffic dominates and compression methods trade quality for bandwidth, with paging and prefix sharing being lossless but capacity‑limited, while quantization and eviction directly reduce bandwidth at the cost of accuracy. whyItMatters":"The work provides a unified analytical framework and a standardized protocol that enable consistent comparison of KV‑compression techniques across hardware and workloads, guiding practitioners in selecting appropriate methods for long‑context inference."

By Tejinder Singh