arXiv:2608.28405v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current cultural evaluations for large language models (LLMs) often reduce culture to single-turn factual recall via MCQs, failing to capture a common...
The paper investigates cultural biases in large language models (LLMs) by introducing the Culture-Related Open Questions (CROQ) dataset, which contains 24‑language questions about generic culture. Experiments reveal that LLMs disproportionately favor Japan in their responses, especially when prompted in high‑resource languages, while low‑resource languages tend to highlight countries where the language is official. The study also finds that these biases emerge after supervised fine‑tuning rather than during pre‑training.
arXiv:2603. 16827v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Culture shapes reasoning, values, prioritization, and strategic decision-making, yet large language models (LLMs) often exhibit cultural biases that misalign with target populations.
The paper proposes a method for culturally aligning large language models (LLMs) using soft prompt tuning optimized via Differential Evolution (DE). Unlike traditional fine‑tuning or reinforcement learning, this approach keeps model weights frozen and requires no preference data, instead leveraging aggregated survey scores from Hofstede's Value Survey Module (VSM13). Experiments on four countries and four instruction‑tuned models show that DE‑optimized prompts reduce cultural discrepancy, improve agreement with the World Values Survey, and are preferred in blinded pairwise evaluations by LLM judges.
arXiv:2608.10503v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed as autonomous agents, accurately evaluating their latent values and biases is critical. T...
arXiv:2509. 08022v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Aligning large language models (LLMs) with diverse human values is essential for safe and effective deployment, yet existing benchmarks often overlook cultural and demographic variation.
arXiv:2604. 06210v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: As LLMs are globally deployed, aligning their cultural value orientations is critical for safety and user engagement.
arXiv:2609.08515v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: As Large Language Models (LLMs) are increasingly integrated into human society, aligning them with pluralistic social values has become a critical pr...
CoCoA (Context-Conditional Cultural Alignment) is a framework designed to mitigate cultural bias in large language models by learning context-conditional behavior. It trains on entity pairs under both culturally cued and neutral contexts, using a contrastive alignment objective combined with calibration, drift regularization, and goal-aware gradient reconciliation. Evaluations on CAMeL and Camellia across ten languages and four LLMs show that CoCoA reduces the Cultural Bias Score from 43 to 24 on average while keeping near-neutral preferences at 50.2, with minimal impact on general performance.
arXiv:2510. 12857v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) are now widely deployed in user-facing applications, reaching hundreds of millions of users worldwide.
arXiv:2606. 07422v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Large language models are increasingly used to answer culturally grounded questions across languages, yet it remains unclear whether local cultural knowledge is better accessed through English or the local language.
arXiv:2609.00565v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Cultural fine-tuning has become the de facto paradigm for building culture-aware large language models (LLMs), yet existing optimization exclusively...