The paper introduces a hierarchical hybrid architecture combining large language models (LLMs) and multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL) to manage heterogeneous unmanned aerial systems in low‑altitude wireless networks (LAWNs). An outer LLM‑driven loop interprets service requirements and operator intent to reconfigure objectives and resource priorities, while an inner MARL loop executes decentralized policies under the updated game. A logistics‑monitoring case study demonstrates the framework’s ability to coordinate diverse services and adapt to changing conditions without retraining the MARL policies.
By Nguyen Duc Minh Quang, Chang Liu, Shuangyang Li, Derrick Wing Kwan Ng
The paper introduces a three‑step framework for deploying multi‑UAV networks in threat‑prone environments. First, a threat‑aware K‑means algorithm determines the minimal number of UAVs and safe initial positions. Second, an optimal matching stage assigns UAVs to these positions to reduce energy use. Third, a threat‑aware multi‑agent twin delayed deep deterministic policy gradient (MATD3) algorithm dynamically optimizes UAV trajectories, power, and user associations, achieving zero safety violations and superior energy efficiency compared to other learning methods and heuristic baselines.
By Faisal Al-Kamali, Hussein A. Ammar, Francois Chan, James H. Bayes, Yasser Gadallah, Mohamed H. Ahmed
arXiv:2606. 28339v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Industrial 6G networks require ultra-reliable, low-latency, and energy-efficient connectivity in dynamic and blockage-prone environments, where conventional terrestrial deployments often fail to ensure stable coverage.
By Marwan Dhuheir, Thang X. Vu, Symeon Chatzinotas
arXiv:2606. 16331v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: The integration of generative artificial intelligence with wireless communication and signal processing systems has opened new avenues for intelligent, data-driven decision-making in future 6G networks.
By Eslam Eldeeb, Hirley Alves
arXiv:2607. 23734v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have emerged as a key enabler of next-generation Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystems, offering flexible aerial relaying to extend connectivity across dynamic vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) in smart city environments.
By Muhammad Umar Farooq Qaisar, Lin Zhang, Zhen Chen, Wajdy Othman, Shehzad Ashraf Chaudhry, Chang Liu
The paper discusses how Diffusion Models (DMs) can improve decision-making and digital modeling for Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). It highlights the limitations of Reinforcement Learning (RL) and Digital Twin (DT) approaches, noting that DMs learn underlying probability distributions and generate realistic patterns, thereby addressing data scarcity and enhancing modeling accuracy. Simulation results demonstrate DMs’ effectiveness in estimating neighbor velocities for a four‑UAV swarm coordination task using Deep Reinforcement Learning.
By Yousef Emami, Hao Zhou, Luis Almeida, Kai Li
arXiv:2602. 01131v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: With the rapid expansion of the low-altitude economy, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) serve as pivotal aerial base stations supporting diverse services from users, ranging from latency-sensitive critical missions to bandwidth-intensive data streaming.
By Yue Zhong, Jiawen Kang, Yongju Tong, Hong-Ning Dai, Dong In Kim, Abbas Jamalipour, Shengli Xie
arXiv:2508. 00917v2 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Connected autonomous vehicles (CAVs) must simultaneously perform multiple tasks, such as perception, prediction, planning, and control, to ensure safe and reliable navigation in complex environments.
By Jiayuan Wang, Farhad Pourpanah, Q. M. Jonathan Wu, Ning Zhang
The paper proposes a hierarchical Open Radio Access Network (O‑RAN) control framework for tethered millimeter‑wave UAV‑mounted 5G base stations (gNBs). A Non‑Real‑Time RIC application jointly manages UAV placement and slice budgets, while a Near‑Real‑Time RIC application allocates per‑user resources using a permutation‑equivariant DeepSets Soft Actor‑Critic scheduler. This two‑level controller improves eMBB service‑level agreement satisfaction by up to 17 % and URLLC on‑time delivery by up to 42 % compared with conventional schedulers.
By Alireza Mohammadhosseini, Fatemeh Afghah
arXiv:2507. 19712v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: In this paper, we explore mission assignment and task offloading in an Open Radio Access Network (Open RAN)-based intelligent transportation system (ITS), where autonomous vehicles leverage mobile edge computing for efficient processing.
By Ngoc Hung Nguyen, Nguyen Van Thieu, Quang-Trung Luu, Anh Tuan Nguyen, Senura Wanasekara, Nguyen Cong Luong, Fatemeh Kavehmadavani, Van-Dinh Nguyen
arXiv:2606. 24483v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The deployment of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) as open radio units (O-RUs) in 6G cellular systems presents a promising opportunity to achieve scalable and adaptive network coverage.
By Chenrui Sun, Swarna Bindu Chetty, Gianluca Fontanesi, Mahnaz Arvaneh, Walid Saad, Hamed Ahmadi
arXiv:2607. 18874v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) for urban sensing has emerged as a powerful paradigm to monitor the status of the city, e.
By Xin Ouyang, Songxin Lei, Xusen Guo, Yutian Jiang, Sijie Ruan, Yuxuan Liang