The paper introduces a new closed‑form scaling law that extends Chinchilla’s original formula to handle data‑constrained regimes. It decomposes loss into undercapacity, undertraining, and overfitting components, saturating between an irreducible loss and an uninformed baseline. The authors validate the model on diverse architectures and domains, achieving state‑of‑the‑art RMSE across multiple LLM scaling‑law grids and enabling cost‑aware training allocations.
By Christopher M. Bryant, Hao Liu
arXiv:2608.21653v1 Announce Type: cross
Abstract: Multi-task learning often combines losses that span several orders of magnitude, causing homoscedastic uncertainty weighting to degrade severely. We...
By Krishna Subedi
arXiv:2607. 23777v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The discovery of scaling laws has motivated training neural networks on ever increasing quantities of data.
By Anuj Apte
arXiv:2608. 20061v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architectures significantly expand model capacity without a proportional increase in computational cost.
By Nayeon Kim, Hojin Lee, Yunju Bak, Jaesun Park, Boseop Kim
arXiv:2606. 20010v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current time series forecasting (TSF) research predominantly focuses on scale-homogeneous data, where different time series share similar numerical magnitude ranges.
By Xu Zhang, Zhengang Huang, Yunzhi Wu, Xun Lu, Erpeng Qi, Yunkai Chen, Zhongya Xue, Peng Wang, Wei Wang
arXiv:2606. 25971v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Modern neural network training relies on optimizers such as Adam and Muon which act on each weight matrix as a single object.
By Alexander H\"agele, Alejandro Hern\'andez-Cano, Atli Kosson, Martin Jaggi
arXiv:2607. 09967v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Many neural networks operations have a multiplicative nature rather than additive: halving or doubling a norm are analogous relatively but require unequal optimization distances when taking linear steps.
By Ethan Smith
The paper investigates the often-overlooked scale vectors in large language models, showing that despite their tiny size they are crucial for pre‑training performance. The authors provide theoretical insights that scale vectors mainly aid optimization rather than expressivity, and they analyze how weight decay affects different normalization layers. Building on these findings, they propose lightweight improvements—branch‑specific heterogeneity, better placement, and magnitude‑direction reparameterization—that consistently reduce loss across a range of model sizes and training settings.
By Mingze Wang, Shuchen Zhu, Yuxin Fang, Binghui Li, Kai Shen, Shu Zhong
arXiv:2610.27789v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Empirical scaling laws relate validation loss to model size, training exposure and compute, providing a quantitative basis for allocating resources. Th...
By Tianyu Zhao, Zhixiang Ren
The paper introduces Coupled Scaling, a framework that links neural scaling laws to the relationship between task structure and the geometry that an architecture‑optimization system can access. It shows that finite‑budget scaling depends on how well the system’s representational support aligns with the task’s energy distribution, deriving residual exponents that vary with architectural coverage and tail decay. The authors propose tests to verify whether static task‑relevant geometry tracks loss and whether multiscale geometry follows coupling‑specific exponent ordering, suggesting a factorial audit of emergence trajectories to isolate geometry from scaling fits.
By Jie Wang
Time-series forecasting research has been moving steadily toward larger architectures, from specialized transformers to general-purpose foundation models, on the assumption that capacity is what unlocks accuracy. We take the opposite position: most of the gap can be closed at far lower cost by tuning preprocessing rather than scaling models.
arXiv:2606. 06888v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Classical scaling laws for language model pretraining balance model size against training dataset size under a fixed compute budget, assuming abundant data and a single pass over the corpus.
By Zhiwei Xu, Shihao Wu, Hanseul Cho, Wei Hu, Yixin Wang