arXiv Machine Learning

RLGPA: A Reinforcement Learning-Guided Granularity Planning Attack for Decision-Based Sparse Adversarial Examples

arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 26

WarpSAC: Towards the Pinnacle of Scalable Off-policy RL by Rethinking Exploration and Exploitation

arXiv:2608.24479v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Massively parallel simulation changes the data regime in which off-policy reinforcement learning (RL) is trained, challenging stabilizers designed for...

By Zihao Wu, Hongyao Tang, Yi Ma, Huizhong Song, Pengyi Li, Yifu Yuan, Fei Ni, Jinyi Liu, Wei Wei, Jianrong Wang, Yan Zheng, Jianye Hao
arXiv Machine Learning
Oct 12

S$^3$R: Fast and Faithful RL Rollouts via Self-Sparse Speculative Decoding

The paper introduces Self‑Sparse Speculative Rollouts (S$^3$R), a method that uses sparse attention to propose tokens and then verifies them with full attention, thereby reducing KV‑cache traffic while preserving the dense‑policy distribution for reinforcement learning rollouts. S$^3$R eliminates the need for a separate drafter by sharing policy parameters between drafting and verification, and a KV‑aware scheduler limits cache thrashing to maintain parallelism. Experiments on long‑context mathematical reasoning with the Qwen3 model show that S$^3$R achieves 1.35–1.39× higher end‑to‑end training throughput with comparable task performance.

By Yuhang He, Hongyu Ge, Zihan Lin, Siyi Liu, Yongqi Zhang
arXiv Machine Learning
Aug 11

CODS: Iterative Bellman-Residual Data Selection for Reusable Offline Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2608. 07719v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Offline reinforcement learning repeatedly trains policies from a fixed transition pool, making redundant data costly across seeds and hyperparameters, while naive subsampling can remove rare transitions needed for long-horizon credit assignment.

By Ibne Farabi Shihab, Sanjeda Akter, Abu Sa-Adat Mohamed Moon-Im Al Ahsan, Md Najmus Swaqeeb, Anuj Sharma
arXiv AI
Sep 2

Explore More, Drift Less: Outcome-Only Reinforcement Learning Can Suffice for Long-Horizon Interactive Agents

The paper proposes CANOPY, a minimalist reinforcement learning protocol that addresses two common pitfalls—signal starvation and policy drift—in outcome‑only RL for long‑horizon interactive tasks. By scaling same‑task exploration, keeping updates on‑policy, and anchoring updates with KL divergence, CANOPY enables a Qwen3‑14B agent to achieve top leaderboard results on the AppWorld coding benchmark without auxiliary supervision or elaborate scaffolding. The approach also improves performance on SWE‑bench for a Qwen3.5‑9B model.

By Liming Pu, Xiaoxia Li, Yifu Liu, Teng Cao, Bin Yang
arXiv AI
Oct 31

SCARL: Sequence Confidence-Aligned Reinforcement Learning

SCARL (Sequence Confidence-Aligned Reinforcement Learning) addresses a misalignment between a reinforcement learning policy’s confidence and its reward signal in language-model reasoning. By reshaping each advantage with an alignment gap that reflects the difference between a response’s group-relative confidence and the outcome it certifies, SCARL drives responses with equal advantage toward equal confidence and mitigates entropy collapse. Experiments on Qwen3‑4B‑Base show a 2.4‑point lift in Pass@32 over DAPO and consistent improvements across multiple estimators and backbones while preserving policy entropy.

By Zhenghong Ke, Jingbo Zhou, Hua Wu
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 31

LoRA Scaffolded Policy Optimization (LSPO): A Sampling-Time Low-Rank Scaffold for Recovering Reinforcement-Learning Gradient on Zero-Reward Cliff Prompts

arXiv:2607. 27787v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Reinforcement learning from verifiable rewards (RLVR) for mathematical reasoning suffers from a structural blind spot: on "cliff" prompts-those on which every sampled rollout in a group fails-the group-normalized advantage is identically zero, so GRPO produces no gradient on precisely the prompts at the frontier of the model's capability.

By Ken Ding
arXiv Machine Learning
Jul 10

HeaPA: Difficulty-Aware Heap Sampling and On-Policy Query Augmentation for LLM Reinforcement Learning

arXiv:2601. 22448v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: RLVR has become a standard recipe for training LLMs on reasoning tasks with verifiable outcomes, but when rollout generation dominates the cost, efficiency hinges on which prompts are sampled and when.

By Weiqi Wang, Xin Liu, Binxuan Huang, Hejie Cui, Rongzhi Zhang, Changlong Yu, Shuowei Jin, Jingfeng Yang, Qingyu Yin, Zhengyang Wang, Zheng Li, Yifan Gao, Priyanka Nigam, Bing Yin, Lihong Li, Yangqiu Song