TSQueryBench is a synthetic benchmark comprising 500 time‑series instances and 10 query types, each paired with correct, partially correct, and incorrect natural‑language explanations. The study evaluates six large language models on explanation generation, ranking, scoring, and anomaly detection, revealing that models often fail to generate numerically correct explanations yet can reliably identify or score correct ones. These findings suggest that rubric‑guided LLM evaluation is more dependable than generation for numerically grounded time‑series reasoning.
By Preetham Sivalingam, Murari Mandal, Dhruv Kumar, Saurabh Deshpande
The paper introduces Fact-Ablated Evaluation (FAE), a framework that iteratively removes cited evidence to test whether large language models (LLMs) adjust their fact‑checking predictions accordingly. Experiments reveal that many off‑the‑shelf LLMs rely more on internal knowledge than on the provided evidence. To address this, the authors propose REAL, a training method that uses counterfactual evidence supervision to encourage LLMs to base veracity judgments on evidence, achieving better evidence‑dependent performance across four datasets.
By Xingyu Deng, Mingzi Cao, Nikolaos Aletras, Xi Wang, Mark Stevenson
arXiv:2606. 01120v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: In RAG-based fact-checking, LLMs are increasingly used as verifiers to check given claims against retrieved evidence.
By Yuxi Sun, Wenbo Shang, Wei Gao, Xin Huang, Jing Ma
arXiv:2608.23058v1 Announce Type: new
Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) now support forecasting systems that combine language-based reasoning with temporal data, evidence retrieval, external too...
By Xiaogang Xu, Jiaqi Tang, Jianmin Chen, Yingying Yan, Zhenchao Tang, Xiangxin Zhou, Xiaobin Hu, Wei Wei, Jinfeng Wu, Qifeng Chen, Lu Zhou, Jiafei Wu, Zhe Liu, Jianwei Yin, Weimin Zheng
arXiv:2607. 18240v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) can achieve strong fact-checking accuracy, yet forced binary decisions conceal a critical reliability problem: systems may issue confident verdicts even when supporting evidence is weak, sparse, or internally inconsistent.
By Dekun Yang
arXiv:2508.15754v2 Announce Type: replace-cross
Abstract: Tool use is often assumed to monotonically improve reasoning, where external evidence is expected to help when relevant and be ignored when i...
By Yufeng Zhao, Junnan Liu, Hongwei Liu, Dongsheng Zhu, Yuan Shen, Songyang Zhang, Kai Chen
arXiv:2606. 22030v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: We investigate when belief-based memory actually improves large language model (LLM) agents.
By Pranav Singh
arXiv:2606. 26437v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Existing metrics for factuality and faithfulness evaluate whether an answer is supported or contradicted by its grounding documents, but they fail to capture when both supporting and contradicting evidence coexist.
By Siyi Liu, Aaron Halfaker, Dan Roth, Patrick Xia
Recent advancements in Large Language Models (LLMs) have enabled sophisticated reasoning and content generation, yet their inherent stochasticity poses significant challenges for ensuring predictive credibility. While traditional uncertainty taxonomy paradigms, such as the dichotomy of aleatoric and epistemic uncertainties, provide conceptual foundations, they often fail to capture the multi-component and multi-stage nature of LLM generation and struggle to evaluate the effectiveness of various Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) methods.
arXiv:2608. 14509v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Systems that ask a language model to reach a conclusion from many sources usually concatenate them into one prompt.
By Zhelun Wu
Large language models (LLMs) increasingly act as integrated data-science agents, combining abstract reasoning with advanced tool use. Yet the relevant benchmark landscape largely divides into symbolic causal reasoning benchmarks without realistic data analysis or data analysis benchmarks without a principled causal data-generating structure.
arXiv:2607. 08093v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Large language models (LLMs) increasingly act as integrated data-science agents, combining abstract reasoning with advanced tool use.
By Andrej Leban, Yuekai Sun