arXiv Computation and Language

Asterism: Exploring and Synthesizing Scattered Observations into Literature-Grounded Hypotheses and Theories

Asterism is a tool that extracts observations from hundreds of papers as concept‑relation triples and unifies these concepts in a hierarchical ontology. Researchers can curate an evidence graph, aggregate observations at various levels of granularity, and focus theory formation on phenomena that match their preferences. In a field deployment with ten researchers, and in two case studies involving immunology and agriculture, teams used Asterism to discover new mechanisms and generate hypotheses for follow‑up experiments.

arXiv AI
Aug 10

SCALE: Scientific Concept Aggregation via LLMs and Embeddings for Fine-Grained Taxonomy Extension

arXiv:2608. 07254v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: The increasing specialization of scientific research challenges existing classification systems, which provide effective representations of broad disciplines and research topics but often fail to capture the fine-grained conceptual structure of contemporary science.

By Daniele Raimondi, Feichi Lu, Oliver Grun, Mariia Eremina, Andrea Perlato
arXiv Machine Learning
Sep 2

Modelpedia: A Catalog of Model Findings for the Meta-Science of AI

Modelpedia is an automated, LLM-assisted framework that extracts and organizes findings about AI models from published papers into a searchable public catalog. It links each finding to the relevant model, dataset, method, and concept, and has already extracted over a thousand findings from ICLR 2024 and 2025 papers. The authors invite the community to explore, contribute to, and build on this open catalog, positioning model findings as a shared foundation for the meta‑science of AI.

By Franciszek Bernat (Centre for Credible AI, Warsaw University of Technology), Dawid P{\l}udowski (Centre for Credible AI, Warsaw University of Technology), Micha{\l} Jan W{\l}odarczyk (Centre for Credible AI, Warsaw University of Technology), Luca Longo (University College Cork), Jianlong Zhou (University of Technology Sydney), Andreas Holzinger (Human-Centered AI Lab), Riccardo Guidotti (University of Pisa, ISTI-CNR), Wojciech Samek (Technical University of Berlin, Berlin Institute for the Foundations of Learning and Data), Przemys{\l}aw Biecek (Centre for Credible AI, University of Warsaw)
arXiv AI
Jun 12

Agents-K1: Towards Agent-native Knowledge Orchestration

arXiv:2606. 13669v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Current LLM-based research agents have advanced through agent orchestration, yet largely overlook scientific knowledge orchestration.

By Zongsheng Cao, Bihao Zhan, Jinxin Shi, Jiong Wang, Fangchen Yu, Zhijie Zhong, Zijie Guo, Tianshuo Peng, Zhuo Liu, Yi Xie, Xiang Zhuang, Yue Fan, Runmin Ma, Shiyang Feng, Xiangchao Yan, Anran Liu, Peng Ye, Wenlong Zhang, Shufei Zhang, Chunfeng Song, Fenghua Ling, Jie Zhou, Liang He, Bo Zhang, Lei Bai
arXiv AI
Aug 24

Toward Auto-Research: Mining Falsifiable Research Ideas from Paper Knowledge Graphs with Categorical Structure

The paper proposes a method for automated research‑idea generation that preserves the typed structure of scientific papers by modeling each paper as a small category with typed research entities as objects and asserted relations as morphisms. It introduces a three‑layer algorithm—categorical signature clustering, a functor‑preservation gate, and a six‑axis LLM plausibility judge—to identify cross‑domain analogies that maintain relation chains. Experiments on tens of thousands of papers show the categorical gate filters candidates at a 17:1 ratio while keeping a falsifier rate above 83%, and it logs rejected candidates with detailed rationale.

By Yuchen Wang, Zhongzhi Luan
arXiv AI
Oct 1

Large Knowledge Model: A Knowledge Foundation for Agentic Science at Scale

arXiv:2609.27297v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Agentic science envisions many autonomous agents investigating concurrently while building on a shared, evolving body of scientific knowledge. This...

By Yuan Huang, Sihan Hu, Hongyu Gu, Chao Ma, Jiaxing Zhang, Zhiyong Zou, Caiyu Fan, Yan Xiao, Mingjun Xu, Chenyu Xie, Mingzhen Ju, Zhehao Ma, Qi Zhang, Baozong Wang, Yu Li, Zhiyuan Yao, Ruoxue Liao, Xinyu Li, Linfeng Zhang, Kun Chen, Weinan E
arXiv AI
Sep 24

Large Knowledge Model: From Papers to a Scientific Reasoning Landscape

The paper introduces the Large Knowledge Model (LKM), a scientific knowledge infrastructure that converts research literature into shared, computationally accessible reasoning graphs. LKM aligns questions, claims, and reasoning chains across papers, creating a Scientific Reasoning Landscape with Question, Workflow, and Evidence views. The system enhances scientific search, evidence‑grounded QA, and research planning, achieving notable accuracy gains on ChemBench, PubMedQA, and SciBench.

By Yuan Huang, Sihan Hu, Hongyu Gu, Chao Ma, Jiaxing Zhang, Zhiyong Zou, Caiyu Fan, Yan Xiao, Mingjun Xu, Chenyu Xie, Mingzhen Ju, Zhehao Ma, Qi Zhang, Baozong Wang, Yu Li, Zhiyuan Yao, Ruoxue Liao, Xinyu Li, Linfeng Zhang, Kun Chen, Weinan E